Aurtenetxe Olaia, Barral Marta, Vicente Joaquín, de la Fuente José, Gortázar Christian, Juste Ramón A
Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (NEIKER-TECNALIA), Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Spain.
BMC Vet Res. 2008 Nov 1;4:43. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-4-43.
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains a significant problem in some parts of Spain largely because of contacts between cattle and wildlife reservoirs in extensive grazing systems. European Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is one of the species involved in the transmission of the disease to other species. Fast and simple detection methods would be critical for assessing infection prevalence, study the mechanisms of pathogen transmission and monitoring the effects of TB control measures.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis in wild boar serum was developed and validated on 185 sera from TB positive and negative wild boar. Based on antigen inoculation of captive animals as well as tuberculosis compatible lesions, culture results and molecular analysis of hunted individuals, animals were allocated into two groups: tuberculosis positive group and tuberculosis negative group. After optimization of the positive to negative ratio using different combinations of serum dilutions and conjugate concentrations, the test yielded a sensitivity of 72.60% and a specificity of 96.43% for the best cut-off.
Although some negative group animals showed an ELISA positive reaction (< 3%), this assay showed a high potential for accurate diagnosis of TB in wild boar, as its large dynamic range supported a good discriminatory power and a satisfactory balance between sensitivity and specificity.
牛结核病（bTB）在西班牙的某些地区仍然是一个重大问题，这主要是由于在粗放式放牧系统中，牛与野生动物宿主之间存在接触。欧洲野猪（Sus scrofa）是将该疾病传播给其他物种的物种之一。快速简便的检测方法对于评估感染率、研究病原体传播机制以及监测结核病控制措施的效果至关重要。
开发了一种用于检测野猪血清中抗牛分枝杆菌抗体的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），并在185份来自结核病阳性和阴性野猪的血清上进行了验证。根据圈养动物的抗原接种以及与结核病相符的病变、培养结果和对被捕杀个体的分子分析，将动物分为两组：结核病阳性组和结核病阴性组。在使用不同血清稀释度和结合物浓度组合优化阳性与阴性比例后，该检测对于最佳临界值的灵敏度为72.60%，特异性为96.43%。
尽管一些阴性组动物出现了ELISA阳性反应（<3%），但该检测方法在准确诊断野猪结核病方面显示出很高的潜力，因为其较大的动态范围支持了良好的鉴别能力以及灵敏度和特异性之间令人满意的平衡。
