Nyberg Anna, Westerlund Hugo, Magnusson Hanson Linda L, Theorell Töres
Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2008 Nov;36(8):803-11. doi: 10.1177/1403494808093329.
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between managerial leadership and self-reported sickness absence/presenteeism among Swedish men and women.
Five thousand one hundred and forty-one Swedish employees, 56% of the participants in a nationally representative sample of the Swedish working population, were included in this cross-sectional questionnaire study. The leadership dimensions measured were five subscales of a standardized leadership questionnaire (Global Leadership and Organizational Behaviour Effectiveness Programme): Integrity, Team integration, Inspirational leadership, Autocratic leadership, and Self-centred leadership. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for factors in private life, employment category, labour-market sector, working conditions, self-reported general health, and satisfaction with life in general.
Inspirational leadership was associated with a lower rate of short spells of sickness absence (<1 week) for both men and women. Autocratic leadership was related to a greater amount of total sick days taken by men. Sometimes showing integrity was associated with higher rate of sickness absence >1 week among men, and seldom showing integrity was associated with more sickness presenteeism among women. Managers performing Team integration were sometimes associated with women taking fewer short (<1 week) and long (>1 week) spells of sickness absence. Adjustment for self-reported general health did not alter these associations for men, but did so to some extent for women.
Managerial leadership was found to be relevant for the understanding of sickness absence in the Swedish working population. There were distinctive gender differences.
本研究旨在调查瑞典男性和女性的管理领导力与自我报告的病假/出勤主义之间的关系。
本横断面问卷调查研究纳入了5141名瑞典员工，他们占瑞典工作人口全国代表性样本的56%。所测量的领导力维度是一份标准化领导力问卷（全球领导力与组织行为有效性计划）的五个子量表：正直、团队整合、鼓舞型领导力、独裁型领导力和自我中心型领导力。进行了多项逻辑回归分析，并对私人生活因素、就业类别、劳动力市场部门、工作条件、自我报告的总体健康状况以及对总体生活的满意度进行了调整。
鼓舞型领导力与男性和女性较短病假时长（<1周）的发生率较低相关。独裁型领导力与男性的总病假天数较多有关。有时表现出正直与男性中>1周病假发生率较高相关，而很少表现出正直与女性中更多的出勤主义行为相关。进行团队整合的管理者有时与女性较少出现短（<1周）病假和长（>1周）病假有关。对自我报告的总体健康状况进行调整后，这些关联对男性没有改变，但对女性有一定程度的改变。
研究发现管理领导力与理解瑞典工作人口中的病假情况相关。存在明显的性别差异。
