Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 464 Congress Avenue, Suite #260, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
J Int AIDS Soc. 2008 Sep 22;11:3. doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-3.
The effect of conflict on HIV transmission and regional and global security has been the subject of much recent discussion and debate. Many long held assumptions regarding these relationships are being reconsidered. Conflict has long been assumed to contribute significantly to the spread of HIV infection. However, new research is casting doubt on this assumption. Studies from Africa suggest that conflict does not necessarily predispose to HIV transmission and indeed, there is evidence to suggest that recovery in the "post-conflict" state is potentially dangerous from the standpoint of HIV transmission. As well, refugee populations have been previously considered as highly infected vectors of HIV transmission. But in light of new investigation this belief is also being reconsidered. There has additionally been concern that high rates of HIV infection among many of the militaries of sub-Saharan Africa poses a threat to regional security. However, data is lacking on both dramatically elevated prevalence amongst soldiers and a possible negative effect on regional security. Nevertheless, HIV/AIDS remain a serious threat to population health and economic well being in this region. These issues are of vital importance for HIV programming and health sector development in conflict and "post-conflict" societies and will constitute formidable challenges to the international community. Further research is required to better inform the discussion of HIV, conflict, and security in sub-Saharan Africa.
冲突对艾滋病毒传播以及区域和全球安全的影响一直是最近讨论和辩论的主题。许多长期以来对这些关系的假设正在被重新考虑。长期以来，人们一直认为冲突是艾滋病毒感染传播的重要原因。然而，新的研究对这一假设提出了质疑。来自非洲的研究表明，冲突不一定会导致艾滋病毒传播，事实上，有证据表明，从艾滋病毒传播的角度来看，“冲突后”国家的复苏可能是危险的。此外，难民群体以前被认为是艾滋病毒传播的高度感染媒介。但鉴于新的调查，这一信念也正在被重新考虑。此外，人们还担心，撒哈拉以南非洲的许多军队中艾滋病毒感染率很高，这对区域安全构成威胁。然而，关于士兵中发病率显著上升以及对区域安全可能产生的负面影响，缺乏数据。尽管如此，艾滋病毒/艾滋病仍然是该地区人口健康和经济福祉的严重威胁。这些问题对于冲突中和“冲突后”社会的艾滋病毒规划和卫生部门发展至关重要，也将对国际社会构成巨大挑战。需要进一步研究，以便更好地了解撒哈拉以南非洲的艾滋病毒、冲突和安全问题的讨论。
