Wåhlstedt Cecilia, Thorell Lisa B, Bohlin Gunilla
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2009 May;37(4):551-64. doi: 10.1007/s10802-008-9286-9.
The aim of the present study was to investigate different neuropsychological impairments and comorbid behavioral problems in relation to symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), studying the independent effects of different functions as well as specific relations to symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention. A community-based sample of school children (n = 182; the higher end of the ADHD symptom range was oversampled) completed neuropsychological tasks designed to measure executive function (EF), state regulation and delay aversion. Behavioral symptoms were measured through parental and teacher ratings of the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Both categorical and dimensional analyses were used to acquire a deeper understanding of ADHD. The results supported the notion that EF and state regulation constitute independent pathways to ADHD, primarily to symptoms of inattention. In addition, the present study points to the importance of viewing ADHD as a heterogeneous condition also with regard to the differential impact of neuropsychological functioning and comorbidity on different ADHD symptom groups and the two ADHD symptom domains.
本研究的目的是调查与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状相关的不同神经心理损伤和共病行为问题，研究不同功能的独立影响以及与多动/冲动和注意力不集中症状的特定关系。一个以社区为基础的学童样本（n = 182；ADHD症状范围较高端的样本被过度抽样）完成了旨在测量执行功能（EF）、状态调节和延迟厌恶的神经心理任务。行为症状通过父母和教师对ADHD和对立违抗障碍（ODD）的DSM-IV标准的评分来测量。分类分析和维度分析都被用来更深入地理解ADHD。结果支持了EF和状态调节构成ADHD独立途径的观点，主要是注意力不集中症状的途径。此外，本研究指出，将ADHD视为一种异质性疾病也很重要，这涉及到神经心理功能和共病对不同ADHD症状组和两个ADHD症状领域的不同影响。
