di Giuseppe Romina, de Lorgeril Michel, Salen Patricia, Laporte François, Di Castelnuovo Augusto, Krogh Vittorio, Siani Alfonso, Arnout Jozef, Cappuccio Francesco P, van Dongen Martien, Donati Maria Benedetta, de Gaetano Giovanni, Iacoviello Licia
Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Research Laboratories, John Paul II Centre for High Technology Research and Education in Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;89(1):354-62. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26661. Epub 2008 Dec 3.
Because high dietary and blood n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids (FAs) are protective against coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death, the alcohol-associated increase in blood n-3 FAs could be considered an original mechanism of alcohol's cardioprotective effect.
Our objective was to assess whether alcohol consumption is associated with concentrations of very-long-chain "marine" (eg, fish oil) n-3 FAs both in plasma and in red blood cell membranes.
In the framework of the IMMIDIET (Dietary Habit Profile in European Communities with Different Risk of Myocardial Infarction: the Impact of Migration as a Model of Gene-Environment Interaction) Project, 1604 subjects (802 women-men pairs), aged 26-65 y, were enrolled in Italy, Belgium, and England. A 1-y-recall food-frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intake.
In fully adjusted multivariate analyses, alcohol intake was positively associated with plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA + DHA concentrations (P < 0.0001, P = 0.036, and P = 0.002, respectively) in women and with EPA and the EPA + DHA index in red blood cells (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.037, respectively). In men, only plasma and red blood cell EPA concentrations were associated with alcohol intake (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). Stratified analyses showed an association between alcohol and both plasma and red cell EPA (P = 0.008 and P = 0.002, respectively), DHA (P = 0.014 and P = 0.008, respectively), and the EPA + DHA index (P = 0.010 and P = 0.006, respectively) in wine drinkers, whereas no association was found in those who drink beer and spirits.
Alcohol intake was associated with higher plasma and red blood cell concentrations of marine n-3 FAs. Components of wine other than alcohol (polyphenols) might exert these effects. Part of the alcohol-induced cardioprotection may be mediated through increased marine n-3 FAs.
由于高膳食和血液中的n-3（欧米伽-3）脂肪酸（FAs）对冠心病和心源性猝死具有保护作用，酒精导致血液中n-3 FAs增加可被视为酒精心脏保护作用的一种原始机制。
我们的目的是评估饮酒是否与血浆和红细胞膜中极长链“海洋”（如鱼油）n-3 FAs的浓度相关。
在IMMIDIET（不同心肌梗死风险的欧洲共同体饮食习惯概况：以移民作为基因-环境相互作用模型的影响）项目框架内，1604名年龄在26 - 65岁的受试者（802对男女）在意大利、比利时和英国入组。采用1年回忆式食物频率问卷评估膳食摄入量。
在完全调整的多变量分析中，女性饮酒量与血浆二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）以及EPA + DHA浓度呈正相关（分别为P < 0.0001、P = 0.036和P = 0.002），与红细胞中的EPA和EPA + DHA指数呈正相关（分别为P < 0.0001和P = 0.037）。在男性中，仅血浆和红细胞中的EPA浓度与饮酒量相关（分别为P = 0.003和P = 0.004）。分层分析显示，葡萄酒饮用者中酒精与血浆和红细胞中的EPA（分别为P = 0.008和P = 0.002）、DHA（分别为P = 0.014和P = 0.008）以及EPA + DHA指数（分别为P = 0.010和P = 0.006）均相关，而在饮用啤酒和烈酒的人群中未发现相关性。
饮酒与血浆和红细胞中较高浓度的海洋n-3 FAs相关。酒精以外的葡萄酒成分（多酚）可能发挥这些作用。酒精诱导的部分心脏保护作用可能通过增加海洋n-3 FAs来介导。
