Roche H M, Noone E, Gibney A N
Unit of Nutrition Dept of Clinical Medicine Trinity Health Sciences Centre, St James's Hospital Dublin 8, Ireland.
Nutr Res Rev. 2001 Jun;14(1):173-88. doi: 10.1079/NRR200122.
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a group of fatty acid isomers of linoleic acid. Recent research shows that CLA affects body composition, lipoprotein metabolism, inflammationand carcinogenesis. Therefore, CLA may have potential as a therapeutic nutrient with respect to many common diseases, including obesity, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Animal studies show that CLA is a potent anti-adipogenic nutrient, reducing adipose tissue mass and increasing lean mass. However, the effect of CLA on body composition in human subjects has been less spectacular. Several studies have demonstrated that CLA significantly improves plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol metabolism in a number of animal models. These studies also showed that CLA inhibits the progression and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Whilst CLA has also been shown to improve triacylglycerol metabolism in human subjects, it has not been determined whether CLA affects atherogenesis. Animal models show that CLA-rich diets modulate the inflammatory response and preliminary trials with human subjects show that CLA affects the cell-mediated immune response. The molecular basis of the health effects of CLA has not been elucidated, but it is probable that CLA mediates its effect in a number of ways including altered eicosanoid or cytokine metabolism and/orby a direct effect of dietary fats on gene transcription. Most of our knowledge is based on in vitro and animal studies; the challenge is to define the nature and molecular basis of any health effects of CLA in human subjects.
共轭亚油酸（CLA）是指亚油酸的一组脂肪酸异构体。最近的研究表明，CLA会影响身体组成、脂蛋白代谢、炎症和致癌作用。因此，CLA对于包括肥胖症、动脉粥样硬化、慢性炎症性疾病和癌症在内的许多常见疾病可能具有作为治疗性营养素的潜力。动物研究表明，CLA是一种有效的抗脂肪生成营养素，可减少脂肪组织量并增加瘦体重。然而，CLA对人体受试者身体组成的影响并不那么显著。多项研究已证明，CLA在一些动物模型中可显著改善血浆胆固醇和三酰甘油代谢。这些研究还表明，CLA可抑制动脉粥样硬化的进展和发病机制。虽然CLA也已被证明可改善人体受试者的三酰甘油代谢，但尚未确定CLA是否会影响动脉粥样硬化的发生。动物模型表明，富含CLA的饮食可调节炎症反应，对人体受试者的初步试验表明，CLA会影响细胞介导的免疫反应。CLA健康效应的分子基础尚未阐明，但CLA可能通过多种方式介导其作用，包括改变类花生酸或细胞因子代谢和/或通过膳食脂肪对基因转录的直接作用。我们的大部分知识基于体外和动物研究；挑战在于确定CLA对人体受试者任何健康效应的性质和分子基础。
