Bertram B, Wolf S, Schulte K, Jung F, Kiesewetter H, Sitzmann F C, Reim M
Augenklinik RWTH Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1991;229(4):336-40. doi: 10.1007/BF00170691.
A total of 209 diabetic children and adolescents aged 6-17 years (mean, 12.6 +/- 2.3 years) were examined by ophthalmoscopy, video fluorescein angiography and hemoglobin (HbA1c) test. Microaneurysms were found in 26% of the children (ophthalmoscopy, 11%; angiography, 23%). The prevalence of retinopathy was 16% in patients aged 6-10 years, 27% in those aged 11-13 years and 36% in those aged 14-17 years. Only five diabetics aged 11-17 years showed lesions other than microaneurysms (hard exudates, intraretinal hemorrhages or retinal capillar leakage). Retinal blood flow was quantified using video fluorescein angiography. The arm-retina time (ART) and the arteriovenous passage time (AVP) as parameters of the retinal microcirculation were obtained using an image analysing system. The mean value for ART was 9.7 +/- 2.5 s and that for AVP was 1.43 +/- 0.52 s. AVP was significantly shorter in diabetic children and adolescents with good glycemic control (HbA1c, less than 7%; AVP, 1.35 +/- 0.44 s) than in those with bad glycemic control (HbA1c, greater than or equal to 9%; AVP, 1.65 +/- 0.51 s).
对209名年龄在6至17岁（平均年龄12.6±2.3岁）的糖尿病儿童和青少年进行了检眼镜检查、视频荧光血管造影和血红蛋白（HbA1c）检测。26%的儿童发现有微动脉瘤（检眼镜检查发现率为11%；血管造影发现率为23%）。6至10岁患者的视网膜病变患病率为16%，11至13岁患者为27%，14至17岁患者为36%。11至17岁的糖尿病患者中只有5人出现了除微动脉瘤以外的病变（硬性渗出、视网膜内出血或视网膜毛细血管渗漏）。通过视频荧光血管造影对视网膜血流量进行定量。使用图像分析系统获得臂-视网膜时间（ART）和动静脉通过时间（AVP）作为视网膜微循环的参数。ART的平均值为9.7±2.5秒，AVP的平均值为1.43±0.52秒。血糖控制良好的糖尿病儿童和青少年（HbA1c低于7%；AVP为1.35±0.44秒）的AVP明显短于血糖控制不佳的患者（HbA1c大于或等于9%；AVP为1.65±0.51秒）。
