Cooper Jeremy R, Wordeman Linda
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2009 Feb;21(1):68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2009.01.005. Epub 2009 Jan 29.
Microtubule-based motility is often thought of as specifically referring to the directed stepping of microtubule-based motors such as kinesin or dynein. However, microtubule lattice diffusion (also known as diffusional motility) provides a second mode of transport that is shared by a much broader class of microtubule binding proteins. Microtubule lattice diffusion offers distinct advantages as a transport mechanism including speed, bidirectional microtubule end targeting, and no requirement for direct chemical energy (i.e. ATP). It remains to be seen whether a universal binding mechanism for this interaction will be identified but electrostatic interactions appear to play a significant role. In the meantime, the well-studied subject of DNA binding proteins that diffuse along the DNA backbone provides an insightful analog for understanding the nature of microtubule-based diffusional motility.
基于微管的运动通常被认为具体是指基于微管的马达（如驱动蛋白或动力蛋白）的定向步进。然而，微管晶格扩散（也称为扩散运动）提供了第二种运输模式，这种模式为更广泛的一类微管结合蛋白所共有。微管晶格扩散作为一种运输机制具有明显优势，包括速度、双向微管末端靶向以及无需直接化学能（即ATP）。这种相互作用的通用结合机制是否会被确定还有待观察，但静电相互作用似乎起着重要作用。与此同时，对沿DNA主链扩散的DNA结合蛋白这一研究充分的课题进行研究，为理解基于微管的扩散运动的本质提供了一个有启发性的类比。
