Levy Becca R, Leifheit-Limson Erica
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2009 Mar;24(1):230-3. doi: 10.1037/a0014563.
Older individuals assimilate, and are targeted by, contradictory positive and negative age stereotypes. It was unknown whether the influence of stereotype valence is stronger when the stereotype content corresponds to the outcome domain. We randomly assigned older individuals to either positive-cognitive, negative-cognitive, positive-physical, or negative-physical subliminal-age-stereotype groups and assessed cognitive and physical outcomes. As predicted, when the age stereotypes corresponded to the outcome domains, their valence had a significantly greater impact on cognitive and physical performance. This suggests that if a match occurs, it is more likely to generate expectations that become self-fulfilling prophecies.
老年人会吸收并成为相互矛盾的积极和消极年龄刻板印象的目标对象。当刻板印象内容与结果领域相对应时，刻板印象效价的影响是否更强尚不清楚。我们将老年人随机分配到积极认知、消极认知、积极身体或消极身体阈下年龄刻板印象组，并评估认知和身体结果。正如预测的那样，当年龄刻板印象与结果领域相对应时，它们的效价对认知和身体表现有显著更大的影响。这表明，如果出现匹配情况，就更有可能产生成为自我实现预言的期望。
