Marzouk Belsem, Marzouk Zohra, Décor Rachel, Edziri Hayet, Haloui Ehsen, Fenina Nadia, Aouni Mahjoub
Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Sep 7;125(2):344-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.025. Epub 2009 May 3.
Resistance to current antibacterial drugs and the rise of opportunistic fungal infections are growing global concerns. Traditional medicine is a potential source of new antibacterials and antifungals. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. (Cucurbitaceae) endemic in Southern Tunisia, is used in folk medicine against dermatological, gynaecological and pulmonary infections.
To assess in vitro antibacterial and anticandidal activity of aqueous and diluted acetone extracts of Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. MIC and MBC/MFC were determined for plant organs at different maturation stages.
Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. was harvested and its identification was verified. Aqueous and diluted acetone extracts (from the plant's roots, stems, leaves and three maturation stages of its fruit and seeds) were screened for activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis)-and various Candida spp. (Candida glabrata, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida kreusei).
All extracts showed activity against all strains. The highest MICs and MBCs/MFCs were obtained from the fruit aqueous extracts (MIC 0.10mg/ml against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, 0.20mg/ml against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), lowest activity from the root extracts.
Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. shows antibacterial and anticandidal properties. The folk medicinal use as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent is validated.
对当前抗菌药物的耐药性以及机会性真菌感染的增加是全球日益关注的问题。传统医学是新型抗菌药和抗真菌药的潜在来源。突尼斯南部特有的药西瓜（葫芦科）在民间医学中用于治疗皮肤病、妇科疾病和肺部感染。
评估药西瓜水提取物和稀释丙酮提取物的体外抗菌和抗念珠菌活性。测定不同成熟阶段植物器官的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度/最低杀真菌浓度（MBC/MFC）。
采集药西瓜并进行鉴定。筛选水提取物和稀释丙酮提取物（来自植物的根、茎、叶以及果实和种子的三个成熟阶段）对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌（大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌）以及各种念珠菌属（光滑念珠菌、白色念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和克柔念珠菌）的活性。
所有提取物均对所有菌株显示出活性。果实水提取物的MIC和MBC/MFC最高（对白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌的MIC为0.10mg/ml，对大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的MIC为0.20mg/ml），根提取物的活性最低。
药西瓜具有抗菌和抗念珠菌特性。其作为广谱抗菌剂的民间药用价值得到了验证。
