Evans G W, Carrère S
Program in Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
J Appl Psychol. 1991 Oct;76(5):658-63. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.76.5.658.
The operation of public transit vehicles in urban centers is a highly stressful job. There has been, however, little detailed analysis of what specific characteristics of the psychosocial or physical job environmental of public transit operators contribute to the high levels of job stress associated with this occupation. In the present study, we show a high degree of association between exposure to peak traffic conditions and on-the-job elevations of urinary catecholamines. These significant relations remain after incorporating various controls for possible selection factors (e.g., job seniority) and health-relevant parameters (e.g., age, smoking). Furthermore, we show that reductions in perceived control on the job partially account for the linkages between traffic congestion and psychophysiological stress.
在城市中心运营公共交通车辆是一项压力极大的工作。然而，对于公共交通运营人员心理社会或身体工作环境的哪些具体特征导致了与该职业相关的高度工作压力，几乎没有详细分析。在本研究中，我们发现暴露于高峰交通状况与尿儿茶酚胺的在职升高之间存在高度关联。在纳入针对可能的选择因素（如工作资历）和健康相关参数（如年龄、吸烟）的各种对照后，这些显著关系依然存在。此外，我们表明工作中感知到的控制感降低部分解释了交通拥堵与心理生理压力之间的联系。
