Dohadwala Mustali M, Vita Joseph A
Evans Department of Medicine and the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
J Nutr. 2009 Sep;139(9):1788S-93S. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.107474. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
Epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of wine, grape products, and other foods containing polyphenols is associated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease. The benefits of wine consumption appear to be greater than other alcoholic beverages. Experimental studies indicate that grape polyphenols could reduce atherosclerosis by a number of mechanisms, including inhibition of oxidation of LDL and other favorable effects on cellular redox state, improvement of endothelial function, lowering blood pressure, inhibition of platelet aggregation, reducing inflammation, and activating novel proteins that prevent cell senescence, e.g. Sirtuin 1. Translational studies in humans support these beneficial effects. More clinical studies are needed to confirm these effects and formulate dietary guidelines. The available data, however, strongly support the recommendation that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, including grapes, can decrease the risk for cardiovascular disease.
流行病学研究表明，饮用葡萄酒、食用葡萄制品以及其他含有多酚的食物与心血管疾病风险降低有关。饮用葡萄酒的益处似乎大于其他酒精饮料。实验研究表明，葡萄多酚可通过多种机制减轻动脉粥样硬化，包括抑制低密度脂蛋白氧化以及对细胞氧化还原状态的其他有利影响、改善内皮功能、降低血压、抑制血小板聚集、减轻炎症以及激活预防细胞衰老的新蛋白，如沉默调节蛋白1。在人体进行的转化研究支持了这些有益作用。需要更多的临床研究来证实这些作用并制定饮食指南。然而，现有数据有力地支持了这样的建议，即富含水果和蔬菜（包括葡萄）的饮食可降低心血管疾病风险。
