Scott Rose M, Baillargeon Renée
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 603 East Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Child Dev. 2009 Jul-Aug;80(4):1172-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01324.x.
Recent research has shown that infants as young as 13 months can attribute false beliefs to agents, suggesting that the psychological-reasoning subsystem necessary for attributing reality-incongruent informational states (Subsystem-2, SS2) is operational in infancy. The present research asked whether 18-month-olds' false-belief reasoning extends to false beliefs about object identity. Infants watched events involving an agent and 2 toy penguins; 1 penguin could be disassembled (2-piece penguin) and 1 could not (1-piece penguin). Infants realized that outdated contextual information could lead the agent to falsely believe she was facing the 1-piece rather than the 2-piece penguin, suggesting that 18-month-olds can attribute false beliefs about the identity of objects and providing new evidence for SS2 reasoning in the 2nd year of life.
最近的研究表明，年仅13个月的婴儿就能将错误信念归因于主体，这表明将与现实不符的信息状态归因所需的心理推理子系统（子系统2，SS2）在婴儿期就已发挥作用。本研究探讨了18个月大的婴儿的错误信念推理是否扩展到关于物体身份的错误信念。婴儿观看了涉及一个主体和两只玩具企鹅的事件；一只企鹅可以拆卸（两件式企鹅），另一只则不能（单件式企鹅）。婴儿意识到过时的情境信息可能会导致主体错误地认为她面对的是单件式企鹅而不是两件式企鹅，这表明18个月大的婴儿能够将关于物体身份的错误信念归因于此，并为生命第二年的SS2推理提供了新证据。
