Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Virol Methods. 2010 Jan;163(1):157-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.09.015. Epub 2009 Sep 23.
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) has been proven to induce mammary cancer in mice. MMTV-like env gene sequences have been detected in one-third of the human breast tumors studied. The whole proviral structure with 95% homology to MMTV was found in two human breast tumors and was designated as human mammary tumor virus (HMTV). HMTV viral particles with betaretroviral features have been isolated. In addition, a retrovirus called human betaretrovirus (HBRV), homologous to the mentioned retroviruses, has been isolated from tissues of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. In this report, the expression of HMTV envelope (Env) and capsid (Ca) was detected in 10 primary cultures of human breast cancer containing HMTV sequences (MSSM) by Western blot and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), using a panel of antibodies against HMTV Env, HBRV Env and Ca and the MMTV Env Gp36 and Ca P27 proteins. By contrast, HMTV proteins did not react with antibody against the MMTV Env Gp52 protein. All the antibodies detected MMTV proteins with exception of two out of four monoclonal antibodies against HMTV Env. Approximately 13% of the MSSM cells showed HMTV protein expression by FACS analysis. This report shows the expression of HMTV proteins for the first time in human breast cancer cells using a panel of antibodies against HMTV, HBRV and MMTV proteins. This should be taken into consideration when MMTV antibodies are used to detect HMTV proteins in human tissues.
鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒（MMTV）已被证实可诱导小鼠发生乳腺癌。在研究的三分之一人类乳腺肿瘤中检测到与 MMTV 相似的 env 基因序列。在两个人类乳腺肿瘤中发现了与 MMTV 具有 95%同源性的完整原病毒结构，被命名为人乳腺肿瘤病毒（HMTV）。已经分离出具有β逆转录病毒特征的 HMTV 病毒颗粒。此外，从原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者的组织中分离到一种称为人类β逆转录病毒（HBRV）的逆转录病毒，与上述逆转录病毒具有同源性。在本报告中，通过 Western blot 和荧光激活细胞分选（FACS），使用针对 HMTV 包膜（Env）和衣壳（Ca）的抗体组合，检测了 10 个含有 HMTV 序列的人乳腺癌原代培养物（MSSM）中的 HMTV 表达，这些抗体针对 HMTV Env、HBRV Env 和 Ca 以及 MMTV Env Gp36 和 Ca P27 蛋白。相比之下，HMTV 蛋白与针对 MMTV Env Gp52 蛋白的抗体不反应。除了针对 HMTV Env 的 4 个单克隆抗体中的 2 个之外，所有抗体都检测到了 MMTV 蛋白。通过 FACS 分析，约 13%的 MSSM 细胞显示出 HMTV 蛋白表达。本报告首次使用针对 HMTV、HBRV 和 MMTV 蛋白的抗体组合，在人乳腺癌细胞中检测到 HMTV 蛋白的表达。在使用 MMTV 抗体检测人组织中的 HMTV 蛋白时，应考虑到这一点。
