Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 188-1, Samduk 2Ga, Jung-Gu, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea.
Acta Biomater. 2010 Apr;6(4):1661-70. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.10.011. Epub 2009 Oct 9.
This study investigated the surface characteristics and biocompatibility of phosphate ion (P)-incorporated titanium (Ti) surfaces hydrothermally treated with various concentrations of phosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)). The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, thin-film X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical profilometry, contact angle and surface energy measurement and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). MC3T3-E1 cell attachment, spreading, proliferation and osteoblastic gene expression on different surfaces were evaluated. The degree of bony integration was biomechanically evaluated by removal torque testing after 4 weeks of healing in rabbit tibiae. The H(3)PO(4) treatment produced micro-rough Ti surfaces with crystalline P-incorporated Ti oxide layers. High concentration H(3)PO(4) treatment (1% and 2%) produced significantly higher hydrophilic surfaces compared with low H(3)PO(4) treatment (0.5%) and untreated surfaces (P<0.01). ICP-MS analysis showed P ions were released from P-incorporated surfaces. Significant increased cell attachment (P<0.05) and notably higher mRNA expressions of Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin were observed in cells grown on P-incorporated surfaces compared with cells on untreated machined surfaces. P-incorporated surfaces showed significantly higher removal torque forces compared with untreated machined implants (P<0.05). Ti surfaces treated with 2% H(3)PO(4) showed increasing tendencies in osteoblastic gene expression and removal torque forces compared with those treated with lower H(3)PO(4) concentrations or untreated surfaces. These results demonstrate that H(3)PO(4) treatment may improve the biocompatibility of Ti implants by enhancing osteoblast attachment, differentiation and biomechanical anchorage.
这项研究调查了经不同浓度磷酸（H3PO4）水热处理的磷（P）掺入钛（Ti）表面的表面特性和生物相容性。通过扫描电子显微镜、薄膜 X 射线衍射仪、X 射线光电子能谱、光学轮廓仪、接触角和表面能测量以及电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）评估表面特性。评估了不同表面上 MC3T3-E1 细胞的附着、铺展、增殖和成骨基因表达。通过在兔胫骨愈合 4 周后进行去除扭矩测试，生物力学评估了骨整合的程度。H3PO4处理产生了具有结晶 P 掺入 Ti 氧化物层的微粗糙 Ti 表面。与低 H3PO4处理（0.5%）和未处理表面（P<0.01）相比，高浓度 H3PO4处理（1%和 2%）产生了明显更亲水的表面。ICP-MS 分析表明 P 离子从 P 掺入的表面释放出来。与在未处理的机加工表面上生长的细胞相比，在 P 掺入的表面上生长的细胞的细胞附着（P<0.05）显著增加，并且 Runx2、碱性磷酸酶、骨桥蛋白和骨钙素的 mRNA 表达明显更高。与未处理的机加工植入物相比，P 掺入的表面显示出更高的去除扭矩力（P<0.05）。与用较低 H3PO4浓度处理或未处理的表面相比，用 2%H3PO4处理的 Ti 表面显示出增强的成骨基因表达和去除扭矩力的趋势。这些结果表明，H3PO4处理可以通过增强成骨细胞附着、分化和生物力学固定来提高 Ti 植入物的生物相容性。
