Cox N A, Richardson L J, Buhr R J, Fedorka-Cray P J
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, GA, USA.
Poult Sci. 2009 Nov;88(11):2449-56. doi: 10.3382/ps.2009-00195.
Campylobacter spp. are frequently present in the intestinal tract and internal tissues of broiler breeder and broiler chickens. Campylobacter spp. ecology in commercial Leghorn laying hens has not been extensively studied. The objectives of the current study were to determine 1) Campylobacter spp. presence in the reproductive tract, lymphoid organs, liver-gallbladder, and ceca of commercial Leghorn laying hens; 2) species of Campylobacter present; and 3) antimicrobial resistance pattern of Campylobacter isolates. In study 1, three flocks ranging from 94 to 105 wk of age were sampled from a commercial laying complex. In study 2, two flocks, 82 and 84 wk of age, were sampled from a separate complex. Hens were killed, defeathered, aseptically necropsied, and the spleen, liver-gallbladder, ovarian follicles, and upper (infundibulum, magnum, and isthmus) and lower (shell gland and vagina) reproductive tracts were aseptically removed before the ceca. Samples were packed on ice and transported to the laboratory for evaluation. For speciation, a standard BAX real-time PCR method was used while susceptibility testing was performed using US National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) standards and recommended quality control organisms. Isolates were examined for susceptibility using a semi-automated testing system (Sensititer) to the following 9 antimicrobials: azithromycin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, telithromycin, and tetracycline. In study 1, the isolation rate was 13, 67, 53, 3, 13, and 57% from the ovarian follicles, lower reproductive tract, upper reproductive tract, spleen, liver-gallbladder, and ceca, respectively. In study 2, the isolation rate was 17, 43, 33, 20, 17, and 73% from the ovarian follicles, lower reproductive tract, upper reproductive tract, spleen, liver-gallbladder, and ceca, respectively. Overall, 50% of isolates were Campylobacter jejuni, 49% Campylobacter coli, and 1% Campylobacter lari. In study 1, all of the isolates were pan-susceptible. In study 2, thirty-seven percent of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Commercial table egg laying hens housed in colony cages on wire floors had diverse Campylobacter spp. recovered from different tissues and these isolates were not resistant to a broad range of antimicrobials.
弯曲杆菌属经常存在于肉种鸡和肉鸡的肠道及内部组织中。商业来航蛋鸡中弯曲杆菌属的生态学尚未得到广泛研究。本研究的目的是确定：1）商业来航蛋鸡的生殖道、淋巴器官、肝脏胆囊和盲肠中弯曲杆菌属的存在情况；2）存在的弯曲杆菌种类；3）弯曲杆菌分离株的抗菌耐药模式。在研究1中，从一个商业蛋鸡养殖场采集了3个94至105周龄的鸡群样本。在研究2中，从另一个养殖场采集了2个82周龄和84周龄的鸡群样本。将母鸡宰杀、拔毛，进行无菌剖检，在取盲肠之前，无菌取出脾脏、肝脏胆囊、卵巢卵泡以及上生殖道（漏斗部、膨大部和峡部）和下生殖道（壳腺和阴道）。样本用冰包装并运至实验室进行评估。对于菌种鉴定，使用标准的BAX实时荧光定量PCR方法，而药敏试验则按照美国国家抗菌药物耐药监测系统（NARMS）的标准和推荐的质量控制菌株进行。使用半自动检测系统（Sensititer）检测分离株对以下9种抗菌药物的敏感性：阿奇霉素、克林霉素、环丙沙星、红霉素、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素、萘啶酸、替利霉素和四环素。在研究1中，卵巢卵泡、下生殖道、上生殖道、脾脏、肝脏胆囊和盲肠的分离率分别为13%、67%、53%、3%、13%和57%。在研究2中，卵巢卵泡、下生殖道、上生殖道、脾脏、肝脏胆囊和盲肠的分离率分别为17%、43%、33%、20%、17%和73%。总体而言，50%的分离株为空肠弯曲杆菌，49%为结肠弯曲杆菌，1%为拉氏弯曲杆菌。在研究1中，所有分离株均对所有检测抗菌药物敏感。在研究2中，37%的分离株对四环素耐药。饲养在金属网平养层架式鸡笼中的商品食用蛋鸡，从不同组织中分离出了多种弯曲杆菌属菌株，且这些分离株对多种抗菌药物不耐药。
