Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Feb;23(1):3-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2009.01007.x. Epub 2009 Oct 15.
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is widely promoted in the USA for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure. It is high in fruit and vegetables, low-fat dairy and wholegrain foods and low in saturated fat and refined sugar. To our knowledge, the use of this dietary pattern has not been assessed in a free-living UK population.
The DASH diet was adapted to fit UK food preferences and portion sizes. Fourteen healthy subjects followed the adapted DASH diet for 30 days in which they self-selected all food and beverages. Dietary intake was assessed by 5-day food diaries completed before and towards the end of the study. Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and end of the study to assess compliance to the DASH style diet.
The DASH diet was easily adapted to fit with UK food preferences. Furthermore, it was well tolerated and accepted by subjects. When on the DASH style diet, subjects reported consuming significantly (P < 0.01) more carbohydrate and protein and less total fat (5%, 6% and 9% total energy, respectively). Sodium intakes decreased by 860 mg day(-1) (P < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by 4.6 and 3.9 mmHg, respectively when on the DASH style diet.
The DASH style diet was well accepted and was associated with a decrease in blood pressure in normotensive individuals and should be considered when giving dietary advice to people with elevated blood pressure in the UK.
多吃蔬菜水果、低脂乳制品和全麦食物，少摄入饱和脂肪和精制糖的膳食方法被广泛推荐用于美国高血压的预防和治疗，这种方法被称为 DASH 饮食法。据我们所知，这种饮食模式尚未在英国的自由生活人群中进行评估。
DASH 饮食法被调整以适应英国的食物偏好和份量。14 名健康受试者遵循适应后的 DASH 饮食法 30 天，在此期间他们自行选择所有的食物和饮料。在研究开始前和接近尾声时通过 5 天的饮食日记评估饮食摄入。在研究开始和结束时测量血压，以评估对 DASH 饮食方式的遵守情况。
DASH 饮食法很容易适应英国的食物偏好。此外，它被受试者很好地耐受和接受。当受试者采用 DASH 饮食方式时，报告称他们摄入了更多的碳水化合物和蛋白质（分别增加了 5%和 6%的总能量），同时总脂肪摄入量减少了 9%（减少了 860mg 每天）。钠的摄入量减少了 860mg 每天（P < 0.001）。当采用 DASH 饮食方式时，收缩压和舒张压分别显著降低了 4.6mmHg 和 3.9mmHg（P < 0.05）。
DASH 饮食方式被很好地接受，并且与血压降低有关，对于英国高血压患者的饮食建议应该予以考虑。
