Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, The University of Ngaoundere, P.O. BOX 455, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
Department of Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, The University of Douala, P.O. BOX 7236, Douala-Bassa, Douala, Cameroon.
J Nutr Sci. 2023 Jul 25;12:e84. doi: 10.1017/jns.2023.67. eCollection 2023.
Hypertension remains a public health issue in Cameroon, though lifestyle and dietetic measures are the main approaches for the prevention and management of hypertension. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet using local foodstuffs on the status of hypertensive patients at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital. A case-control study was carried out with 160 hypertensive patients divided into two groups, a test and a control group. A food questionnaire was used to evaluate the food habits of patients and design the sheet of the DASH diet to provide a maximum of 2000 kcal/d. The DASH diet was administered to the test group (eighty-eight patients), while the control group (seventy-two patients) consumed their normal diet. Both groups were followed up for 8 weeks. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP), body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, HDLc, LDL-c and total-cholesterol levels of patients of the two groups were measured before and after the intervention. The results indicate that the DASH diet improves all the markers of hypertension in the test group with significant decreases in BMI, SBP, DBP, LDL-c and total-cholesterol. Patients of the control group had fourteen and seven times more risk of having increased systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively, and are thus exposed to hypertension complications. The DASH diet established in this study is therefore effective for the management of hypertension.
高血压仍然是喀麦隆的一个公共卫生问题，尽管生活方式和饮食措施是预防和管理高血压的主要方法。本研究旨在评估使用当地食物的停止高血压的饮食方法 (DASH) 饮食对 Ngaoundere 地区医院高血压患者状况的影响。采用病例对照研究，将 160 名高血压患者分为两组，即试验组和对照组。使用食物问卷评估患者的饮食习惯，并设计 DASH 饮食表，为患者提供最多 2000 卡路里/天的热量。DASH 饮食用于试验组（88 名患者），而对照组（72 名患者）则食用正常饮食。两组均随访 8 周。测量两组患者干预前后的收缩压和舒张压 (SBP、DBP)、体重指数 (BMI)、甘油三酯、HDLc、LDL-c 和总胆固醇水平。结果表明，DASH 饮食改善了试验组所有高血压标志物，BMI、SBP、DBP、LDL-c 和总胆固醇显著降低。对照组患者的收缩压和舒张压升高的风险分别高出 14 倍和 7 倍，因此易患高血压并发症。因此，本研究中建立的 DASH 饮食对高血压的管理是有效的。
