Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, Institute of Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2010 Aug 1;94(4):486-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00933.x. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
Probiotics might be one of the solutions to reduce the effects of the recent ban on antimicrobial growth promoters in feed. However, the mode of action of probiotics still not fully understood. Therefore, evaluating probiotics (microbial feed additives) is essential. Thus the objective of this work was to investigate the efficacy of a new microbial feed additive (Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus reuteri) in broiler nutrition. The body weight (BW), average daily weight gain was relatively increased by the dietary inclusion of Lactobacillus sp. in broiler diets. Furthermore, the Lactobacillus feed additive influenced the histomorphological measurements of small intestinal villi. The addition of Lactobacillus sp. increased (p < 0.05) the villus height (VH)/crypt depth ratio and the VH was numerically increased in duodenum. The duodenal crypt depth remained unaffected (p > 0.05), while the ileal crypt depth was decreased by dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus sp. compared with the control. At the end of the feeding period, the basal and glucose stimulated short-circuit current (Isc) and electrical tissue conductivity were measured in the isolated gut mucosa to characterize the electrical properties of the gut. The addition of glucose on the mucosal side in Ussing chamber produced a significant increase (p = 0.001) in Isc in both jejunum and colon relative to the basal values in Lactobacillus probiotic group. This increase in Isc for probiotic group in jejunum is equivalent to an increase of about two times that for the basal values, while in the control group is about half fold that for the basal value. In addition, the DeltaIsc after glucose addition to the large intestine was greater than the DeltaIsc in the small intestine in both control and probiotic group. Moreover in both jejunum and colon, the increase in Isc for birds fed Lactobacillus was higher than their control counterparts (p < or = 0.1). This result suggests that the addition of Lactobacillus sp. to broiler diets increased the glucose transport. Additionally, the results indicated that the conductivity of jejunal and colonic tissues remained unaffected by the dietary inclusion of Lactobacillus and support the concept that this additive enhances the maintenance and function of the epithelial barrier. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of a microbial feed additive (L. salivarius and L. reuteri) slightly increased the growth performance and improved intestinal nutrient absorption which was in association with the intestinal architecture improvement.
益生菌可能是减少近期饲料中抗菌生长促进剂禁令影响的解决方案之一。然而，益生菌的作用模式仍不完全清楚。因此，评估益生菌（微生物饲料添加剂）是至关重要的。因此，本工作的目的是研究新型微生物饲料添加剂（唾液乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌）在肉鸡营养中的功效。在肉鸡日粮中添加乳酸菌可相对提高体重（BW）和平均日增重。此外，乳酸菌饲料添加剂还影响小肠绒毛的组织形态学测量。添加乳酸菌可增加（p<0.05）绒毛高度（VH）/隐窝深度比，且十二指肠 VH 数值增加。十二指肠隐窝深度不受影响（p>0.05），而回肠隐窝深度因日粮中添加乳酸菌而降低。在饲养期末，在离体肠黏膜中测量基础和葡萄糖刺激的短路电流（Isc）和电组织电导率，以表征肠道的电特性。在含葡萄糖的 Ussing 室中，在基础状态下，葡萄糖对黏膜侧的添加在乳酸菌益生菌组的空肠和结肠中均产生显著增加（p=0.001）。与基础值相比，益生菌组空肠中的 Isc 增加相当于基础值的两倍左右，而对照组则相当于基础值的一半左右。此外，对照组和益生菌组的大肠中葡萄糖添加后的ΔIsc 大于小肠中的ΔIsc。此外，在空肠和结肠中，喂食乳酸菌的鸟类的 Isc 增加量高于其对照组（p<或=0.1）。这一结果表明，在肉鸡日粮中添加乳酸菌可增加葡萄糖转运。此外，结果表明，日粮中添加乳酸菌对空肠和结肠组织的电导率没有影响，并支持这种添加剂可增强上皮屏障的维持和功能的概念。总之，日粮中添加微生物饲料添加剂（唾液乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌）可轻微提高生长性能和改善肠道营养吸收，这与肠道结构的改善有关。
