Johnson R D, Horowitz M, Maddox A F, Wishart J M, Shearman D J
Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia.
BMJ. 1991 Jan 5;302(6767):20-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.302.6767.20.
To examine the effects of cigarette smoking on alcohol absorption and gastric emptying.
Randomised crossover study.
Research project in departments of medicine and nuclear medicine.
Eight healthy volunteers aged 19-43 who regularly smoked 20-35 cigarettes a day and drank small amounts of alcohol on social occasions.
Subjects drank 400 ml of a radiolabelled nutrient test meal containing alcohol (0.5 g/kg), then had their rates of gastric emptying measured. Test were carried out (a) with the subjects smoking four cigarettes an hour and (b) with the subjects not smoking, having abstained for seven days or more. The order of the tests was randomised and the tests were conducted two weeks apart.
Peak blood alcohol concentrations, absorption of alcohol at 30 minutes, amount of test meal emptied from the stomach at 30 minutes, and times taken for 50% of the meal to leave the proximal stomach and total stomach.
Smoking was associated with reductions in (a) peak blood alcohol concentrations (median values in non-smoking versus smoking periods 13.5 (range 8.7-22.6) mmol/l v 11.1 (4.3-13.5) mmol/l), (b) area under the blood alcohol concentration-time curve at 30 minutes (264 x 10(3) (0-509 x 10(3)) mmol/l/min v 140 x 10(3)) (0-217 x 10(3) mmol/l/min), and (c) amount of test meal emptied from the stomach at 30 minutes (39% (5-86%) v 23% (0-35%)). In addition, smoking slowed both the 50% gastric emptying time (37 (9-83) minutes v 56 (40-280) minutes) and the intragastric distribution of the meal. There was a close correlation between the amount of test meal emptied from the stomach at 30 minutes and the area under the blood alcohol concentration-time curve at 30 minutes (r = 0.91; p less than 0.0001).
Cigarette smoking slows gastric emptying and as a consequence delays alcohol absorption.
研究吸烟对酒精吸收及胃排空的影响。
随机交叉研究。
医学和核医学科的研究项目。
8名年龄在19 - 43岁的健康志愿者，他们每天规律吸烟20 - 35支，且在社交场合少量饮酒。
受试者饮用400毫升含酒精（0.5克/千克）的放射性标记营养测试餐，然后测量其胃排空率。测试在以下两种情况下进行：(a) 受试者每小时吸4支烟；(b) 受试者不吸烟，已戒烟7天或更长时间。测试顺序随机，且两次测试间隔两周。
血酒精浓度峰值、30分钟时酒精吸收量、30分钟时从胃中排空的测试餐量，以及50%的餐离开近端胃和整个胃所需的时间。
吸烟与以下各项降低相关：(a) 血酒精浓度峰值（非吸烟期与吸烟期的中位数分别为13.5（范围8.7 - 22.6）毫摩尔/升对11.1（4.3 - 13.5）毫摩尔/升）；(b) 30分钟时血酒精浓度 - 时间曲线下面积（264×10³（0 - 509×10³）毫摩尔/升/分钟对140×10³（0 - 217×10³）毫摩尔/升/分钟）；(c) 30分钟时从胃中排空的测试餐量（39%（5 - 86%）对23%（0 - 35%））。此外，吸烟使50%胃排空时间（37（9 - 83）分钟对56（40 - 280）分钟）和餐在胃内的分布均减慢。30分钟时从胃中排空的测试餐量与30分钟时血酒精浓度 - 时间曲线下面积密切相关（r = 0.91；p < 0.0001）。
吸烟会减慢胃排空，从而延迟酒精吸收。
