Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2010 May;108(5):1839-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04589.x. Epub 2009 Oct 15.
To isolate and characterize microbes in the soils containing high contents of phenolics and to dissolve the allelopathic inhibition of plants through microbial degradation.
Four microbes were isolated from plant soils using a screening medium containing p-coumaric acid as sole carbon source. The isolates were identified by biochemical analysis and sequences of their 16S or 18S rDNA, and designated as Pseudomonas putida 4CD1 from rice (Oryza sativa) soil, Ps. putida 4CD3 from pine (Pinus massoniana) soil, Pseudomonas nitroreducens 4CD2 and Rhodotorula glutinis 4CD4 from bamboo (Bambusa chungii) soil. All isolates degraded 1 g l(-1) of p-coumaric acid by 70-93% in inorganic and by 99% in Luria-Bertani solutions within 48 h. They also effectively degraded ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The microbes can degrade p-coumaric acid and reverse its inhibition on seed germination and seedling growth in culture solutions and soils. Low pHs inhibited the growth and phenolic degradation of the three bacteria. High temperature inhibited the R. glutinis. Co(2+) completely inhibited the three bacteria, but not the R. glutinis. Cu(2+), Al(3+), Zn(2+), Fe(3+), Mn(2+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) had varying degrees of inhibition for each of the bacteria.
Phenolics in plant culture solutions and soils can be decomposed through application of soil microbes in laboratory or controlled conditions. However, modification of growth conditions is more important for acidic and ions-contaminated media.
The four microbes were first isolated and characterized from the soils of bamboo, rice or pine. This study provides some evidence and methods for microbial control of phenolic allelochemicals.
从含有高浓度酚类物质的土壤中分离和鉴定微生物，并通过微生物降解来溶解植物的化感抑制作用。
使用含有对香豆酸作为唯一碳源的筛选培养基，从植物土壤中分离出 4 种微生物。通过生化分析和 16S 或 18S rDNA 序列鉴定，将这些分离物分别命名为来自水稻土壤的假单胞菌 4CD1、来自松树林土壤的假单胞菌 4CD3、来自毛竹林土壤的硝化还原假单胞菌 4CD2 和红酵母 4CD4。所有分离物在 48 小时内，在无机和 LB 溶液中分别降解 1 g l(-1)的对香豆酸 70-93%和 99%。它们还能有效降解阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸和对羟基苯甲醛。这些微生物可以在培养液和土壤中降解对香豆酸，并逆转其对种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制作用。低 pH 值抑制了三种细菌的生长和酚类降解。高温抑制了红酵母的生长。Co(2+)完全抑制了三种细菌，但不抑制红酵母。Cu(2+)、Al(3+)、Zn(2+)、Fe(3+)、Mn(2+)、Mg(2+)和 Ca(2+)对每种细菌的抑制作用不同。
通过在实验室或控制条件下应用土壤微生物，可以分解植物培养液和土壤中的酚类物质。然而，对于酸性和离子污染的介质，更重要的是改变生长条件。
这四种微生物是首次从毛竹、水稻或松树林土壤中分离和鉴定出来的。本研究为微生物控制酚类化感物质提供了一些证据和方法。
