Hayat Amir, Haria Dhiren, Salifu Moro O
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2008 Feb 2;2:195-200. doi: 10.2147/ppa.s2356.
Anemia is a very common clinical problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Erythropoietin is a hormone synthesized in the kidney responsible for red blood cell maturation in the bone marrow. It is deficient in the majority of patients with advanced kidney disease thereby predisposing to anemia. Since the approval of recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin alfa) by the US FDA in 1989, epoetin alfa and similar agents now collectively known as erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA) have become the standard of care for the treatment of the erythropoietin-deficient anemia that occurs in most patients with CKD. In this review, we have outlined the considerations that need to be taken into account when prescribing ESA for the treatment of anemia in CKD.
贫血是慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者中非常常见的临床问题，并且与这些患者的发病率和死亡率增加相关。促红细胞生成素是一种在肾脏中合成的激素，负责骨髓中红细胞的成熟。大多数晚期肾病患者体内促红细胞生成素缺乏，从而易患贫血。自1989年美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准重组人促红细胞生成素（阿法依泊汀）以来，阿法依泊汀及类似药物现在统称为促红细胞生成素刺激剂（ESA），已成为治疗大多数CKD患者出现的促红细胞生成素缺乏性贫血的标准治疗方法。在本综述中，我们概述了在为CKD患者贫血治疗开具ESA处方时需要考虑的因素。
