Active Living By Design, North Carolina Institute for Public Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2009 Dec;37(6 Suppl 2):S313-21. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.027.
Public health advocates have increasingly highlighted the importance of implementing comprehensive physical activity interventions that use an ecologic framework. Such a framework can broadly address physical activity barriers, such as the lack of opportunities, social support, policies, built environments, and community awareness. The Active Living by Design (ALbD) was a community grant program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), which was established to help 25 communities create environments that support active living. Each funded site established a multidisciplinary community partnership and implemented the 5P strategies: preparation, promotions, programs, policy, and physical projects. The community partnerships worked within neighborhoods, schools, worksites, and other organizations to increase physical and social supports for physical activity. Ten community examples illustrate the 5Ps. Throughout the 5-year grant, the ALbD national program office provided community partnerships with group and individualized learning opportunities. Technical assistance and peer-to-peer learning was facilitated by ALbD project officers, who also coached each community partnership via site visits, regular phone calls, and electronic communications. The ALbD grant program provided valuable lessons for communities, technical assistance organizations, and funders. Community partnerships experienced success in a variety of settings and their collaborative approaches encouraged multiple organizations, including funders, to participate in improving conditions for active living. Strong local leadership was a key to success and community partnerships benefited considerably from peer-to-peer learning. The 5P model, while challenging to implement comprehensively, proved to be a useful model for community change.
公共卫生倡导者越来越强调实施综合身体活动干预措施的重要性，这些干预措施采用生态框架。这样的框架可以广泛解决身体活动障碍，例如缺乏机会、社会支持、政策、建筑环境和社区意识。“通过设计实现积极生活”（Active Living by Design，ALbD）是罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会（Robert Wood Johnson Foundation，RWJF）的一项社区赠款计划，旨在帮助 25 个社区创造支持积极生活的环境。每个资助地点都建立了一个多学科的社区伙伴关系，并实施了 5P 策略：准备、推广、项目、政策和物理项目。社区伙伴关系在社区、学校、工作场所和其他组织内开展工作，以增加身体和社会对身体活动的支持。十个社区范例说明了 5P 策略。在整个 5 年赠款期间，ALbD 国家项目办公室为社区伙伴关系提供了团体和个人学习机会。ALbD 项目官员提供了技术援助和同行学习，还通过现场访问、定期电话和电子通信为每个社区伙伴关系提供指导。ALbD 赠款计划为社区、技术援助组织和资助者提供了宝贵的经验。社区伙伴关系在各种环境中取得了成功，他们的合作方法鼓励包括资助者在内的多个组织参与改善积极生活条件。强大的地方领导力是成功的关键，社区伙伴关系从同行学习中受益匪浅。虽然全面实施 5P 模型具有挑战性，但事实证明，该模型是社区变革的有用模型。
