Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Estrada Colexio Universitario s/n, 36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2010 Jan;78(3):265-72. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.060. Epub 2009 Dec 1.
In the present work, we investigated the potential use of several antioxidant enzymes in wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as biomarkers of marine pollution. The enzymatic activity levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were measured in gills and digestive gland. Those enzymes participate in the cellular defense system that is involved in the adaptive response of organisms to chemical pollution. Adult mussels were collected at five sampling sites located at the Ría de Pontevedra and Ría de Vigo. Seasonal variations in the control site were observed for the CAT activity, but no significant variability was found for GST and GPx. Mussels from the most polluted sites exhibited a significantly greater GST activity compared to the control site (p<0.05) during the sampling period, whereas GPx and CAT activities have not such a marked pattern. Trace metals, PAHs, PCBs and DDT contents in mussels at sampling sites showed highly significant positive correlations with the GST activity. This study supports the use of GST as a useful biomarker for long-term pollution monitoring in marine coastal ecosystems, whilst more research is needed for GPx and CAT.
在本工作中，我们研究了几种抗氧化酶在野生贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）中的潜在应用，将其作为海洋污染的生物标志物。在鳃和消化腺中测量了谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的酶活性水平。这些酶参与细胞防御系统，该系统涉及生物体对化学污染的适应性反应。在蓬特韦德拉里亚和维哥里亚采集了五个采样点的成年贻贝。在对照点观察到 CAT 活性的季节性变化，但 GST 和 GPx 没有发现明显的可变性。与对照点相比，在采样期间，来自污染最严重的地点的贻贝的 GST 活性显著更高（p<0.05），而 GPx 和 CAT 活性则没有如此明显的模式。采样点贻贝中的痕量金属、多环芳烃、多氯联苯和滴滴涕含量与 GST 活性呈高度显著正相关。本研究支持 GST 作为海洋沿海生态系统长期污染监测的有用生物标志物，而对于 GPx 和 CAT 则需要更多的研究。
