University of Basel, Switzerland.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2010 May;14(2):238-57. doi: 10.1177/1088868309352251. Epub 2009 Dec 18.
Repetition has been shown to increase subjective truth ratings of trivia statements. This truth effect can be measured in two ways: (a) as the increase in subjective truth from the first to the second encounter (within-items criterion) and (b) as the difference in truth ratings between repeated and other new statements (between-items criterion). Qualitative differences are assumed between the processes underlying both criteria. A meta-analysis of the truth effect was conducted that compared the two criteria. In all, 51 studies of the repetition-induced truth effect were included in the analysis. Results indicate that the between-items effect is larger than the within-items effect. Moderator analyses reveal that several moderators affect both effects differentially. This lends support to the notion that different psychological comparison processes may underlie the two effects. The results are discussed within the processing fluency account of the truth effect.
重复已被证明可以提高琐事陈述的主观真实评分。这种真实效应可以通过两种方式来衡量：（a）从第一次遇到到第二次遇到时的主观真实的增加（项目内标准），以及（b）重复陈述和其他新陈述之间的真实评分差异（项目间标准）。假设这两个标准所依据的过程存在定性差异。对重复引起的真实效应进行了元分析，比较了这两个标准。共有 51 项关于重复诱导的真实效应的研究被纳入分析。结果表明，项目间效应大于项目内效应。对调节变量的分析表明，有几个调节变量对两个效应的影响不同。这支持了这样一种观点，即不同的心理比较过程可能是这两个效应的基础。结果在真实效应的加工流畅性理论中进行了讨论。
