College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1127, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2010 May;39(5):446-59. doi: 10.1007/s10964-009-9502-0. Epub 2010 Jan 14.
Self-harm is widely recognized as a significant adolescent social problem, and recent research has begun to explore its etiology. Drawing from Agnew's (1992) social psychological strain theory of deviance, this study considers this issue by testing three hypotheses about the effects of traditional and cyber bullying victimization on deliberate self-harm and suicidal ideation. The data come from a school-based survey of adolescents in a rural county of a southeastern state (n = 426); 50% of subjects are female, their mean age was 15 years, and non-Hispanic whites represent 66% of the sample. The analysis revealed that both types of bullying are positively related to self-harm and suicidal ideation, net of controls. Moreover, those relationships are partially mediated by the negative emotions experienced by those who are bullied and partially moderated by features of the adolescent's social environment and self. Regarding the latter, exposure to authoritative parenting and high self-control diminished the harmful effects of bullying victimization on self-harm and suicidal ideation. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these conclusions for future research and for policy efforts designed to reduce self-harm.
自残被广泛认为是青少年的一个重大社会问题，最近的研究开始探索其病因。本研究借鉴了 Agnew（1992）关于偏差的社会心理压力理论，通过检验关于传统欺凌和网络欺凌受害对蓄意自残和自杀意念影响的三个假设来考虑这个问题。数据来自东南部一个州的农村县的一项基于学校的青少年调查（n=426）；50%的研究对象是女性，平均年龄为 15 岁，非西班牙裔白人占样本的 66%。分析结果表明，两种类型的欺凌都与自残和自杀意念呈正相关，在控制了其他因素后仍然如此。此外，这些关系部分被受欺凌者所经历的负面情绪所中介，部分被青少年社会环境和自我的特征所调节。关于后者，接触权威型父母教养和高自我控制可以减轻欺凌受害对自残和自杀意念的有害影响。本文最后讨论了这些结论对未来研究和旨在减少自残的政策努力的意义。
