Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, CA 94945, USA.
Aging Cell. 2010 Apr;9(2):105-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00552.x. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Dietary restriction (DR) is a robust nongenetic, nonpharmacological intervention that is known to increase active and healthy lifespan in a variety of species. Despite a variety of differences in the protocols and the way DR is carried out in different species, conserved relationships are emerging among multiple species. 2009 saw the field of DR mature with important mechanistic insights from multiple species. A report of lifespan extension in rapamycin-treated mice suggested that the TOR pathway, a conserved mediator of DR in invertebrates, may also be critical to DR effects in mammals. 2009 also saw exciting discoveries related to DR in various organisms including yeast, worms, flies, mice, monkeys and humans. These studies complement each other and together aim to deliver the promise of postponing aging and age-related diseases by revealing the underlying mechanisms of the protective effects of DR. Here, we summarize a few of the reports published in 2009 that we believe provide novel directions and an improved understanding of dietary restriction.
饮食限制（DR）是一种强大的非遗传、非药物干预措施，已知它可以延长多种物种的活跃和健康寿命。尽管不同物种的方案和实施 DR 的方式存在多种差异，但在多个物种之间出现了保守的关系。2009 年，DR 领域取得了重要的进展，来自多个物种的机制见解也更加成熟。一项关于雷帕霉素处理的老鼠寿命延长的报告表明，TOR 途径，一种无脊椎动物中 DR 的保守介质，可能对哺乳动物的 DR 效应也很关键。2009 年还在各种生物体中包括酵母、蠕虫、苍蝇、老鼠、猴子和人类中发现了与 DR 相关的令人兴奋的发现。这些研究相互补充，共同旨在通过揭示 DR 的保护作用的潜在机制，实现推迟衰老和与年龄相关的疾病的承诺。在这里，我们总结了 2009 年发表的一些我们认为提供了新方向和对饮食限制的更好理解的报告。
