School of Nursing, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530, USA.
J Prof Nurs. 2010 Jan;26(1):35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2009.03.001.
Clinical competence is essential to fulfill the role of a registered professional nurse. In light of the changing health care environment, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and the Institute of Medicine have recommended that health care professionals be proficient in specific areas. To meet the needs of today's graduates, nursing education must reexamine the academic and clinical preparation of nurses. This case study sought to identify the perceptions of recent baccalaureate nursing graduates regarding their academic clinical experiences and if they felt prepared to enter the practice arena. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to obtain data in the form of a mailed self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher. Statistical analysis indicated that, although the academic clinical experiences were generally positive, there were significant differences in what actually occurred and what graduates deemed important for their preparation for practice. Effective clinical teaching practices were identified in the findings as well. Clinical instructional experiences are viewed as an important opportunity for students to become prepared for entry into practice. Faculty must be aware of effective teaching practices and be supported in that role. A preceptor type of experience was noted to be the most effective clinical experience in preparing students for the reality of independent practice. Nursing education must reexamine current approaches to clinical teaching and seek methods to better prepare future nurses.
临床能力对于履行注册专业护士的角色至关重要。鉴于医疗保健环境的变化，美国护理学院协会和医学研究所建议医疗保健专业人员精通特定领域。为了满足当今毕业生的需求，护理教育必须重新审视护士的学术和临床准备。这项案例研究旨在确定最近的护理学士学位毕业生对他们的学术临床经验的看法，以及他们是否觉得自己有能力进入实践领域。研究人员采用定量和定性方法，以邮寄自填问卷的形式获取数据。统计分析表明，尽管学术临床经验总体上是积极的，但实际发生的情况与毕业生认为对实践准备重要的情况之间存在显著差异。研究结果还确定了有效的临床教学实践。临床教学经验被视为学生为进入实践做准备的重要机会。教师必须了解有效的教学实践，并在这一角色中得到支持。实习类型的经验被认为是为学生准备独立实践的现实情况最有效的临床经验。护理教育必须重新审视当前的临床教学方法，并寻求更好地为未来护士做准备的方法。
