Wallace John F, Malterer Melanie B, Newman Joseph P
University of Wisconsin - Madison.
Pers Individ Dif. 2009 Dec 1;47(8):812-816. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.06.019.
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST; Gray, 1987; Gray & McNaughton, 2000) has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding psychopathy (e.g., Fowles, 1980, 1988; Newman & Malterer, 2009; Poythress, Edens, Landfield, Lilienfeld, Skeem, & Douglas, 2008). Recent research has linked two RST constructs, the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioral Activation System (BAS), to individuals with primary psychopathy and secondary psychopathy (Lykken, 1995; Newman, MacCoon, Vaughn, & Sadeh, 2005): Primary psychopaths manifest low BIS reactivity and secondary psychopaths manifest high BAS reactivity. In the present study, we examine the relationships between the BIS/BAS constructs and Factors 1 and 2 of the Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R) in a sample of 472 incarcerated male offenders. Paralleling their relationships with primary and secondary psychopathy, the BIS/BAS constructs were differentially related to the two PCL-R factors. Specifically, the influence of the BIS was found to be more prominent than the influence of the BAS for Factor 1, and the influence of the BAS was more prominent than that of the BIS for Factor 2.
强化敏感性理论（RST；格雷，1987年；格雷和麦克诺顿，2000年）已被证明是理解精神病态的一个有价值的工具（例如，福尔斯，1980年、1988年；纽曼和马尔特勒，2009年；波伊斯雷斯、伊登斯、兰德菲尔德、利林菲尔德、斯基姆和道格拉斯，2008年）。最近的研究将强化敏感性理论的两个构念，即行为抑制系统（BIS）和行为激活系统（BAS），与原发性精神病态和继发性精神病态个体联系起来（莱肯，1995年；纽曼、麦库恩、沃恩和萨德，2005年）：原发性精神病态者表现出低BIS反应性，继发性精神病态者表现出高BAS反应性。在本研究中，我们在472名被监禁男性罪犯的样本中，考察了BIS/BAS构念与《精神病态量表修订版》（PCL-R）的因素1和因素2之间的关系。与它们与原发性和继发性精神病态的关系相似，BIS/BAS构念与PCL-R的两个因素存在差异相关。具体而言，发现BIS对因素1的影响比BAS的影响更显著，而BAS对因素2的影响比BIS的影响更显著。
