College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2010 Jan 6;11(1):79-106. doi: 10.3390/ijms11010079.
Plant tannins, including hydrolysable and condensed varieties, are well known antioxidants in medicinal plants, foods, and edible fruits. Their diverse biological properties and potential for disease prevention have been demonstrated by various in vitro and in vivo assays. A number of ellagitannins, the largest group of hydrolysable tannins, have been isolated from dicotyledoneous angiosperms and characterized. This diverse class of tannins is sub-grouped into simple ellagitannins, C-glycosidic ellagitannins, complex tannins (condensates of C-glycosidic tannins with flavan-3-ol), and oligomers up to pentamers. This review outlines and describes the chemotaxonomic significance of structural features in various types of ellagitannins found in plants belonging to the Myrtaceae, Onagraceae, and Melastomataceae families, which are all included in the order Myrtales. Any biological activities that have been reported, including antitumor and antibacterial effects as well as enzyme inhibition, are also reviewed.
植物单宁，包括水解单宁和缩合单宁，是药用植物、食品和可食用水果中众所周知的抗氧化剂。它们具有多种生物学特性，并且具有预防疾病的潜力，这已通过各种体外和体内试验得到证实。从双子叶被子植物中分离出了大量的水解单宁——鞣花单宁，并对其进行了表征。这类单宁种类繁多，可分为简单鞣花单宁、C-糖苷鞣花单宁、复杂单宁（C-糖苷鞣花单宁与黄烷-3-醇的缩合产物）和低聚体到五聚体。本综述概述并描述了在桃金娘科、柳叶菜科和野牡丹科植物中发现的各种类型鞣花单宁的结构特征在化学分类学上的意义，这些科都属于桃金娘目。还综述了已报道的任何生物活性，包括抗肿瘤和抗菌作用以及酶抑制作用。
