Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010 Oct;260(7):535-42. doi: 10.1007/s00406-010-0104-3. Epub 2010 Feb 19.
The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) has been widely used as a screening instrument for cognitive disorders. Age, schooling and many other sociodemographic and health variables may be associated with a worse performance on the MMSE. The objectives of this study were to investigate the distribution of MMSE percentiles in a large Brazilian community-based elderly sample, divided according to age and schooling, and to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic and health variables on groups of elderly people with lower cognitive performance. The MMSE was applied to a sample of 2,708 adults, aged 60 years and older. Of this population, 1,563 individuals were living in the city of São Paulo, while 1,145 were living in the city of Ribeirão Preto. The subjects were divided into six groups according to the amount of schooling that they had received (no formal education, 1-4 and ≥5 years) and age (<75 and ≥75 years old). To each one of the subgroups a stepwise logistic regression was applied, considering the following dependent variable: subjects who scored under or above the 15th percentile on MMSE. High scores on a depression scale, high scores on a memory complaints scale and low socio-economic levels were associated with poorer performance on the MMSE. Being currently employed and being married were related to higher scores on the test. Many sociodemographic and health variables can influence MMSE performance, with impacts depending on age and schooling. Clinicians and primary care physicians should pay attention to variables that may be associated with worse cognitive performance.
简易精神状态检查（MMSE）已被广泛用作认知障碍的筛查工具。年龄、教育程度和许多其他社会人口学和健康变量可能与 MMSE 表现较差相关。本研究的目的是调查大规模巴西社区老年人样本中 MMSE 百分位数的分布情况，根据年龄和教育程度进行分组，并评估社会人口学和健康变量对认知能力较低的老年人群体的影响。MMSE 应用于 2708 名 60 岁及以上的成年人样本。在这部分人群中，1563 人居住在圣保罗市，1145 人居住在里贝朗普雷图市。根据所接受的教育程度（未接受正规教育、1-4 年和≥5 年）和年龄（<75 岁和≥75 岁）将受试者分为六组。对每个亚组应用逐步逻辑回归，考虑以下因变量：MMSE 得分低于或高于第 15 百分位的受试者。抑郁量表评分高、记忆障碍量表评分高和社会经济水平低与 MMSE 表现较差相关。目前就业和已婚与测试得分较高有关。许多社会人口学和健康变量会影响 MMSE 表现，其影响取决于年龄和教育程度。临床医生和初级保健医生应注意可能与认知能力下降相关的变量。
