Danisco USA Inc., Waukesha, Wisconsin 53186, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 May;76(9):2961-7. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02459-09. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile are associated with scours in the neonatal piglet and are an economic concern in swine production. The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence and diversity of C. perfringens and C. difficile isolates obtained from scouring neonatal piglets in a large integrated production system, as well as in smaller independently owned regional farms. Rectal swabs were collected from 333 pigs at 11 sites in an integrated swine production system and from an additional 180 pigs at 16 regional farms located throughout the Midwest. C. perfringens was isolated from 89.8% of the pigs swabbed at the integrated sites, and C. difficile was isolated from 57.7% of these pigs. Of the pigs from the regional farms sampled, 95.6% were positive for isolation of C. perfringens and 27.2% were positive for C. difficile. Toxigenic isolates were typed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR, and were placed in four dendrograms for C. perfringens and C. difficile populations isolated from the integrated sites and regional farms. Diversity indices showed that there was greater diversity in C. difficile populations and in populations isolated from the regional farms. A subset of isolates from the C. difficile dendrograms were further toxinotyped by amplification of the pathogenicity locus and subsequent digestion by HincII, AccI, and EcoRI. Of the 45 isolates typed, 44 were determined to be toxinotype V. The results of this study illustrate the diversity of C. perfringens and C. difficile isolates and the prevalence of these pathogens in swine production sites.
产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌与新生仔猪腹泻有关，是养猪生产中的一个经济问题。本研究的目的是描述从大型综合生产系统和较小的独立区域农场中腹泻新生仔猪中获得的产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌分离株的流行情况和多样性。从一个综合养猪生产系统的 11 个地点采集了 333 头猪的直肠拭子，从中西部地区的另外 16 个区域农场采集了 180 头猪的直肠拭子。在综合地点采集的拭子中，89.8%的猪分离出产气荚膜梭菌，57.7%的猪分离出艰难梭菌。从抽样的区域农场的猪中，95.6%的猪分离出产气荚膜梭菌阳性，27.2%的猪分离出艰难梭菌阳性。使用随机扩增多态性 DNA (RAPD) PCR 对产毒分离株进行分型，并将其放入四个树状图中，分别为从综合地点和区域农场分离的产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌种群。多样性指数表明，艰难梭菌种群和从区域农场分离的种群的多样性更大。从艰难梭菌树状图中选择的一组分离株进一步通过扩增致病性基因座并用 HindII、AccI 和 EcoRI 进行消化进行毒素型分型。在 45 个分型的分离株中，有 44 个被确定为毒素型 V。本研究结果表明，产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌分离株具有多样性，并且这些病原体在养猪生产现场普遍存在。
