Loomis D P
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7400.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jun;81(6):733-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.81.6.733.
Motor vehicles are a leading cause of injury on and off the job.
To describe the occurrence of fatal motor vehicle crashes in the working-age population, a case-control study was conducted among persons 15-64 years old who died in 1986 or 1987 in any of 20 states reporting death certificate occupational data to the National Center for Health Statistics. Cases were occupants of motor vehicles (excluding motorcycles) who died of injuries sustained in a crash (E810-E825, 9th revision International Classification of Diseases), and controls died of any other cause.
Transportation-related occupations had more than the expected number of deaths for men (odds ratio = 1.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.4-1.9) and women (odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval = 1.0-4.5), as did managerial occupations (odds ratio = 1.3 and 1.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-1.5 and 1.3-2.2 for men and women, respectively). Men in mining and oil drilling occupations and the wholesale trade industry also had excess crash deaths. Among women, additional excesses were observed among professional specialists and in several groups with few deaths, including agriculture, construction, and the military, whereas homemakers had markedly fewer vehicle crash deaths than expected.
These findings encourage further investigation of this important safety hazard, but also call attention to a need for more detailed studies and improved data.
机动车是工作场所内外受伤的主要原因。
为描述工作年龄人群中致命机动车碰撞事故的发生情况，对1986年或1987年在向国家卫生统计中心报告死亡证明职业数据的20个州中任何一州死亡的15至64岁人群进行了一项病例对照研究。病例为死于碰撞事故中受伤的机动车驾乘人员（不包括摩托车）（国际疾病分类第9版，E810 - E825），对照为死于任何其他原因的人。
与运输相关的职业男性（优势比 = 1.6，95%置信区间 = 1.4 - 1.9）和女性（优势比 = 2.1，95%置信区间 = 1.0 - 4.5）的死亡人数均超过预期，管理职业的男性和女性也是如此（男性和女性的优势比分别为1.3和1.7，95%置信区间分别为1.1 - 1.5和1.3 - 2.2）。从事采矿和石油钻探职业以及批发贸易行业的男性碰撞事故死亡人数也过多。在女性中，专业专家以及农业、建筑和军事等死亡人数较少的几个群体中也观察到额外的过多死亡情况，而家庭主妇的机动车碰撞事故死亡人数明显少于预期。
这些发现促使对这一重要安全隐患进行进一步调查，但也提醒人们需要进行更详细的研究并改进数据。
