Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, 632 509 Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Parasitol Res. 2010 May;106(6):1403-12. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-1816-z. Epub 2010 Mar 20.
The present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of Cassia auriculata L., Rhinacanthus nasutus KURZ., Solanum torvum Swartz, Terminalia chebula Retz., and Vitex negundo Linn. were tested against larvae of cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Canestrini, 1887 (Acari: Ixodidae), adult of Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann, 1897 (Acarina: Ixodidae), hematophagous fly Hippobosca maculata Leach (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), nymph of goat-lice Damalinia caprae Gurlt (Trichodectidae), and adult sheep parasite Paramphistomum cervi Zeder, 1790 (Digenea: Paramphistomatidae). All plant extracts showed moderate parasitic effects after 24 h of exposure at 3,000 ppm; however, the highest parasite mortality was found in leaf ethyl acetate, flower methanol of C. auriculata, leaf and seed methanol of S. torvum, seed acetone of T. chebula, and leaf hexane extracts of V. negundo against the larvae of R. microplus (LC(50) = 335.48, 309.21, 297.43, 414.99, 167.20, and 611.67 ppm; LC(90) = 1571.58, 1111.82, 950.98, 1243.64, 595.31, and 1875.50 ppm), the leaf and flower methanol of R. nasutus, leaf and seed methanol of S. torvum, and seed methanol extracts of T. chebula against the nymph of D. caprae (LC(50) = 119.26,143.10,164.93,140.47, and 155.98 ppm; LC(90) = 356.77, 224.08, 546.20, 479.72, and 496.06 ppm), the leaf methanol of R. nasutus, leaf and seed methanol of S.torvum, and seed acetone of T. chebula against the adult of H. bispinosa (LC(50) = 333.15, 328.98, 312.28, and 186.46 ppm; LC(90) = 1056.07, 955.39, 946.63, and 590.76 ppm), the leaf methanol of C. auriculata, the leaf and flower methanol of R. nasutus, the leaf ethyl acetate of S. torvum against the H. maculata (LC(50) = 303.36, 177.21, 204.58, and 211.41 ppm; LC(90) = 939.90, 539.39, 599.43, and 651.90 ppm), and the leaf acetone of C. auriculata, the flower methanol of R. nasutus, the seed methanol of S. torvum, and the seed acetone of T. chebula were tested against the adult of P. cervi (LC(50) = 180.54, 168.59, 200.89, and 87.08 ppm; LC(90) = 597.51, 558.65, 690.37, and 433.85 ppm), respectively. Therefore, this study provides first report on the veterinary parasitic activity of plant extracts from Southern India.
本研究基于评估驱虫活性，以确定金鸡纳树（Cassia auriculata L.）、猪鼻蛇（Rhinacanthus nasutus KURZ.）、龙葵（Solanum torvum Swartz）、诃子（Terminalia chebula Retz.）和黄荆（Vitex negundo Linn.）的叶、花和种子的丙酮、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、己烷和甲醇干提取物对 cattle tick（Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Canestrini, 1887）幼虫、Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann, 1897 成虫、吸血蝇（Hippobosca maculata Leach）、山羊虱（Damalinia caprae Gurlt）若虫和绵羊寄生虫（Paramphistomum cervi Zeder, 1790）的驱虫作用。所有植物提取物在 3000 ppm 暴露 24 小时后显示出中度的寄生虫效应；然而，金鸡纳树叶乙酸乙酯、花甲醇、龙葵叶和种子甲醇、诃子种子丙酮和黄荆叶己烷提取物对 cattle tick 幼虫的最高寄生虫死亡率最高（LC(50) = 335.48、309.21、297.43、414.99、167.20 和 611.67 ppm；LC(90) = 1571.58、1111.82、950.98、1243.64、595.31 和 1875.50 ppm）、猪鼻蛇叶和花甲醇、龙葵叶和种子甲醇、诃子种子甲醇提取物对山羊虱若虫（LC(50) = 119.26、143.10、164.93、140.47 和 155.98 ppm；LC(90) = 356.77、224.08、546.20、479.72 和 496.06 ppm）、猪鼻蛇叶甲醇、龙葵叶和种子甲醇、诃子种子丙酮提取物对 Haemaphysalis bispinosa 成虫（LC(50) = 333.15、328.98、312.28 和 186.46 ppm；LC(90) = 1056.07、955.39、946.63 和 590.76 ppm）、金鸡纳树叶甲醇、猪鼻蛇叶和花甲醇、龙葵叶乙酸乙酯提取物对 Hippobosca maculata（LC(50) = 303.36、177.21、204.58 和 211.41 ppm；LC(90) = 939.90、539.39、599.43 和 651.90 ppm）和金鸡纳树叶丙酮、猪鼻蛇花甲醇、龙葵种子甲醇和诃子种子丙酮提取物对绵羊寄生虫成虫（LC(50) = 180.54、168.59、200.89 和 87.08 ppm；LC(90) = 597.51、558.65、690.37 和 433.85 ppm），分别。因此，本研究首次报道了来自印度南部的植物提取物对兽医寄生虫的活性。
