Mood and Anxiety Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Room 206, 15K North Drive, MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2010 Feb;12(1):76-82. doi: 10.1007/s11920-009-0086-x.
The goal of this article is to provide a selective and targeted review of the neuroimaging literature on psychopathic tendencies and antisocial behavior and to explore the extent to which this literature supports recent cognitive neuroscientific models of psychopathy and antisocial behavior. The literature reveals that individuals who present with an increased risk for reactive, but not instrumental, aggression show increased amygdala responses to emotionally evocative stimuli. This is consistent with suggestions that such individuals are primed to respond strongly to an inappropriate extent to threatening or frustrating events. In contrast, individuals with psychopathic tendencies show decreased amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex responses to emotionally provocative stimuli or during emotional learning paradigms. This is consistent with suggestions that such individuals face difficulties with basic forms of emotional learning and decision making.
本文旨在对心理变态倾向和反社会行为的神经影像学文献进行选择性和有针对性的回顾，并探讨该文献在多大程度上支持心理变态和反社会行为的最新认知神经科学模型。文献表明，表现出反应性但不是工具性攻击风险增加的个体，对情绪唤起的刺激表现出杏仁核反应增强。这与以下观点一致，即此类个体对威胁或令人沮丧的事件做出过度强烈的反应。相比之下，具有心理变态倾向的个体对情绪激发的刺激或在情绪学习范式中表现出杏仁核和眶额皮层反应降低。这与以下观点一致，即此类个体在基本形式的情绪学习和决策方面存在困难。
