Racette Lyne, Liebmann Jeffrey M, Girkin Christopher A, Zangwill Linda M, Jain Sonia, Becerra Lida M, Medeiros Felipe A, Bowd Christopher, Weinreb Robert N, Boden Catherine, Sample Pamela A
Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0946, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 May;128(5):551-9. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.58.
To investigate differences in visual function between the healthy eyes of people of African (AD) and European descent (ED).
Visual function was assessed in 393 AD and 367 ED participants selected from the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study and the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study. Participants had normal appearance of the optic disc and intraocular pressure of less than 22 mm Hg. Each participant had 2 reliable 24-2 standard automated perimetry tests, and most had short-wavelength automated perimetry and frequency-doubling technology tests. The generalized estimating equation was used to adjust for intereye correlations. Results were adjusted for age, vertical cup-disc ratio, disc size, central corneal thickness, and presence of high blood pressure.
The AD participants were younger (mean [SD] age, 46.2 [13.2] years) than the ED participants (age, 49.5 [16.6] years) (P = .003). The AD participants had worse mean deviation and pattern standard deviation and more points triggered as abnormal on the total and pattern deviation plots compared with ED participants on all tests (P < .05). A larger percentage of AD participants had confirmed abnormal glaucoma hemifield test results on standard automated perimetry only.
People of AD have significantly worse performance than people of ED on all tests of visual function. Additional research using longitudinal data is needed to determine the cause of these small but significant ancestry differences in visual function.
研究非洲裔（AD）和欧洲裔（ED）人群健康眼睛的视觉功能差异。
从非洲裔与青光眼评估研究及青光眼诊断创新研究中选取393名AD参与者和367名ED参与者，评估其视觉功能。参与者视盘外观正常，眼压低于22 mmHg。每位参与者进行2次可靠的24-2标准自动视野计测试，大多数还进行了短波长自动视野计和倍频技术测试。采用广义估计方程来校正两眼之间的相关性。结果针对年龄、垂直杯盘比、视盘大小、中央角膜厚度和高血压的存在情况进行了校正。
AD参与者比ED参与者更年轻（平均[标准差]年龄，46.2[13.2]岁对49.5[16.6]岁）（P = 0.003）。在所有测试中，与ED参与者相比，AD参与者的平均偏差和模式标准差更差，在总偏差和模式偏差图上触发为异常的点数更多（P < 0.05）。仅在标准自动视野计测试中，有更大比例的AD参与者确认青光眼半视野测试结果异常。
在所有视觉功能测试中，AD人群的表现明显比ED人群差。需要使用纵向数据进行更多研究，以确定这些视觉功能方面虽小但显著的种族差异的原因。
