Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Smith Building, M015, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010 Sep;65(9):963-75. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glq074. Epub 2010 May 17.
Aging is a complex multifactorial process characterized by accumulation of deleterious changes in cells and tissues, progressive deterioration of structural integrity and physiological function across multiple organ systems, and increased risk of death.
We conducted a review of the scientific literature on the relationship of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with aging. AGEs are a heterogeneous group of bioactive molecules that are formed by the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Humans are exposed to AGEs produced in the body, especially in individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism, and AGEs ingested in foods. AGEs cause widespread damage to tissues through upregulation of inflammation and cross-linking of collagen and other proteins. AGEs have been shown to adversely affect virtually all cells, tissues, and organ systems. Recent epidemiological studies demonstrate that elevated circulating AGEs are associated with increased risk of developing many chronic diseases that disproportionally affect older individuals.
Based on these data, we propose that accumulation of AGEs accelerate the multisystem functional decline that occurs with aging, and therefore contribute to the aging phenotype. Exposure to AGEs can be reduced by restriction of dietary intake of AGEs and drug treatment with AGE inhibitors and AGE breakers. Modification of intake and circulating levels of AGEs may be a possible strategy to promote health in old age, especially because most Western foods are processed at high temperature and are rich in AGEs.
衰老 是一个复杂的多因素过程，其特征是细胞和组织中有害变化的积累、多个器官系统结构完整性和生理功能的逐渐恶化，以及死亡风险的增加。
我们对先进糖基化终产物 (AGEs) 与衰老关系的科学文献进行了综述。AGEs 是一组异质的生物活性分子，由蛋白质、脂质和核酸的非酶糖基化形成。
人类会接触到体内产生的 AGEs，尤其是在葡萄糖代谢异常的个体以及摄入食物中的 AGEs。AGEs 通过上调炎症和胶原蛋白及其他蛋白质的交联，对组织造成广泛损伤。AGEs 已被证明对几乎所有细胞、组织和器官系统都有不良影响。最近的流行病学研究表明，循环 AGEs 水平升高与许多慢性疾病的发病风险增加有关，这些疾病不成比例地影响老年人。
基于这些数据，我们提出 AGEs 的积累加速了衰老过程中发生的多系统功能衰退，因此促成了衰老表型。通过限制 AGE 饮食摄入和使用 AGE 抑制剂和 AGE 断裂剂进行药物治疗，可以减少 AGEs 的暴露。改变 AGEs 的摄入和循环水平可能是促进老年健康的一种可行策略，特别是因为大多数西方食物在高温下加工，富含 AGEs。
