Silva Maria Betânia S, Andrade Tarcísio M, Silva Luciano K, Rodart Itatiana F, Lopes Gisele B, Carmo Theomira Ma, Zarife Maria Alice S, Dourado Inês, Reis Mitermayer G
Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2010 May;105(3):299-303. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000300009.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major infectious disease agent among injecting drug users (IDUs), with seroprevalence ranging from 50-90%. In this paper, serological and virological parameters were investigated among 194 IDUs, 94 ex-IDUs and 95 non-IDUs that were sampled by the "snowball" technique in three localities renowned for both intense drug use and trafficking activities in Salvador, Brazil. The majority of the participants were male, but sex and mean age differed significantly between IDUs/ex-IDUs and non-IDUs (p < 0.05). Anti-HCV screening revealed that 35.6%, 29.8% and 5.3% of samples from IDUs, ex-IDUs and non-IDUs, respectively, were seropositive. HCV-RNA detection confirmed that the prevalence of infection was 29.4%, 21.3% and 5.3% for IDUs, ex-IDUs and non-IDUs, respectively. Genotyping analysis among IDUs/ex-IDUs determined that 76.9% were infected with genotype 1, 18.5% with genotype 3 and 4.6% with a mixed genotype; this result differed significantly from non-IDUs, where genotype 3 was the most frequent (60%), followed by genotype 1 (20%) and a mixed genotype (20%). We report a significantly higher prevalence of HCV infection in IDUs/ex-IDUs compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Although the sample size of our study was small, the differences in HCV genotype distribution reported herein for IDUs/ex-IDUs and non-IDUs warrant further investigation.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是注射吸毒者（IDU）中主要的传染病原体，血清流行率在50%-90%之间。本文对194名注射吸毒者、94名曾注射吸毒者和95名非注射吸毒者的血清学和病毒学参数进行了调查，这些人员是通过“雪球”技术在巴西萨尔瓦多三个以吸毒和贩毒活动猖獗而闻名的地区进行抽样的。大多数参与者为男性，但注射吸毒者/曾注射吸毒者与非注射吸毒者在性别和平均年龄上存在显著差异（p<0.05）。抗-HCV筛查显示，注射吸毒者、曾注射吸毒者和非注射吸毒者的样本血清阳性率分别为35.6%、29.8%和5.3%。HCV-RNA检测证实，注射吸毒者、曾注射吸毒者和非注射吸毒者的感染率分别为29.4%、21.3%和5.3%。对注射吸毒者/曾注射吸毒者进行的基因分型分析确定，76.9%的人感染了1型基因型，18.5%感染了3型基因型，4.6%感染了混合基因型；这一结果与非注射吸毒者有显著差异，非注射吸毒者中最常见的是3型基因型（60%），其次是1型基因型（20%）和混合基因型（20%）。我们报告，与对照组相比，注射吸毒者/曾注射吸毒者中HCV感染的患病率显著更高（p<0.001）。尽管我们研究的样本量较小，但本文报告的注射吸毒者/曾注射吸毒者与非注射吸毒者之间HCV基因型分布的差异值得进一步研究。
