选择统计检验：科学出版物评估系列之十二
Choosing statistical tests: part 12 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications.
作者信息
du Prel Jean-Baptist, Röhrig Bernd, Hommel Gerhard, Blettner Maria
机构信息
Institut für Epidemiologie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
出版信息
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 May;107(19):343-8. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2010.0343. Epub 2010 May 14.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The interpretation of scientific articles often requires an understanding of the methods of inferential statistics. This article informs the reader about frequently used statistical tests and their correct application.
METHODS
The most commonly used statistical tests were identified through a selective literature search on the methodology of medical research publications. These tests are discussed in this article, along with a selection of other standard methods of inferential statistics.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Readers who are acquainted not just with descriptive methods, but also with Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test will be able to interpret a large proportion of medical research articles. Criteria are presented for choosing the proper statistical test to be used out of the most frequently applied tests. An algorithm and a table are provided to facilitate the selection of the appropriate test.
摘要
背景
科学文章的解读通常需要对推断统计学方法有所了解。本文旨在让读者了解常用的统计检验及其正确应用。
方法
通过对医学研究出版物方法的选择性文献检索，确定了最常用的统计检验。本文将对这些检验以及一些其他标准的推断统计学方法进行讨论。
结果与结论
不仅熟悉描述性方法，还熟悉皮尔逊卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验和学生t检验的读者，将能够解读大部分医学研究文章。文中给出了从最常用检验中选择合适统计检验的标准。提供了一种算法和一个表格，以方便选择合适的检验。
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