Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum Saarbrücken, Winterberg 1, D-66119 Saarbrücken, Germany.
World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jun 14;16(22):2780-7. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i22.2780.
To compare anxiety and depression levels in adult patients with celiac disease (CD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD) with controls.
The levels of anxiety, depression and of a probable anxiety or depressive disorder were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in 441 adult patients with CD recruited by the German Celiac Society, in 235 age- and sex-matched patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in remission or with slight disease activity, and in 441 adult persons of a representative German general population sample (GP). Potential demographic (age, sex, social class, family status) and disease-related (latency to diagnosis, duration of GFD, compliance with GFD, thyroid disease) predictors of anxiety and depression in CD were tested for by regression analyses.
The level of anxiety in CD patients was predicted (R(2) = 0.07) by female gender (P = 0.01). Female sex (OR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.3-9.4, P = 0.01) was associated with a probable anxiety disorder. Living alone (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9, P = 0.05) was associated with a reduced risk of an anxiety disorder. The level of depression and a probable depressive disorder were not predicted by any of the demographic and medical variables tested for. The levels of anxiety in patients with CD (6.6 +/- 3.4) and with IBD (6.9 +/- 3.7) were higher than those of persons in the GP (4.6 +/- 3.3) (both P < 0.001). The levels of depression in persons with CD (4.2 +/- 3.4), IBD (4.6 +/- 3.4) and of the GP (4.2 +/- 3.8) did not differ (P = 0.3). The prevalence of a probable anxiety disorder in persons with CD (16.8%) and IBD (14.0%) was higher than that of the GP (5.7%) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of a probable depressive disorder did not differ significantly between the three groups (P = 0.1).
Anxiety in adult German female celiacs on a GFD is higher than in persons of the GP. Female celiacs on a GFD should be screened for anxiety.
比较成人乳糜泻（CD）患者在无麸质饮食（GFD）下的焦虑和抑郁水平与对照组。
通过医院焦虑抑郁量表评估德国乳糜泻协会招募的 441 例成人 CD 患者、235 例缓解期或活动度轻微的炎症性肠病（IBD）患者以及 441 例德国普通人群样本（GP）中焦虑、抑郁水平和可能的焦虑或抑郁障碍。通过回归分析测试潜在的人口统计学（年龄、性别、社会阶层、家庭状况）和疾病相关（诊断潜伏期、GFD 持续时间、GFD 依从性、甲状腺疾病）预测因素。
CD 患者的焦虑水平（R²=0.07）可由女性性别预测（P=0.01）。女性（OR=3.6，95%CI：1.3-9.4，P=0.01）与可能的焦虑障碍有关。独居（OR=0.5，95%CI：0.2-0.9，P=0.05）与焦虑障碍风险降低有关。抑郁水平和可能的抑郁障碍均不受测试的任何人口统计学和医学变量的影响。CD 患者（6.6±3.4）和 IBD 患者（6.9±3.7）的焦虑水平高于 GP 人群（4.6±3.3）（均 P<0.001）。CD 患者（4.2±3.4）、IBD 患者（4.2±3.4）和 GP 人群（4.2±3.8）的抑郁水平无差异（P=0.3）。CD 患者（16.8%）和 IBD 患者（14.0%）的可能焦虑障碍患病率高于 GP 人群（5.7%）（P<0.001）。三组间可能的抑郁障碍患病率无显著差异（P=0.1）。
成年德国女性乳糜泻患者在 GFD 下的焦虑水平高于 GP 人群。应筛查 GFD 下的女性乳糜泻患者的焦虑情况。
