Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA.
Pain Med. 2010 May;11(5):637-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.00846.x.
Chinese is the most commonly spoken language in the world, and back pain is as prevalent in China as it is elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of measures in Chinese to evaluate back pain treatment. We assemble a set of Chinese measures to evaluate outcomes in diverse domains. A set of measures is necessary, because measures in one domain may vary independently from measures in another. Chinese measures are in four domains: pain intensity, global rating of improvement, physical disability, and emotional functioning. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) represents the domain of physical disability, and both the World Health Organization Five-Item Well-being Index (WHO-5) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D depression scale) represent the domain of emotional functioning.
Measures were cross-culturally adapted into Chinese. The development of Chinese versions of the ODI, the WHO-5, and the CES-D entailed psychometric evaluation. Additionally, we administered the previously validated Chinese SF-36 to evaluate the validity of measures in our set.
The western-style Pain Clinic and the Acupuncture Clinic of West China Hospital (Chengdu, Sichuan Province).
Eighty-six patients with nonspecific back pain.
We found no significant differences between patients from the Pain Clinic and those from the Acupuncture Clinic. For the ODI, the CES-D, and the WHO-5, we evaluated the psychometric properties of reliability, validity, and ceiling and floor effects. We found these properties to be good to excellent.
In the Appendix (available online, in supplemental materials for this article), we present the West China Hospital set of measures in Chinese to evaluate back pain treatment.
中文是世界上使用最广泛的语言，而背痛在中国和其他地方一样普遍。然而，中文中用于评估背痛治疗效果的方法却很少。我们收集了一套中文评估工具，用于评估不同领域的治疗效果。之所以需要这样一套工具，是因为一个领域的评估方法可能与另一个领域的评估方法独立变化。中文评估工具包括四个领域：疼痛强度、整体改善评分、身体残疾和情绪功能。Oswestry 残疾指数（ODI）代表身体残疾领域，世界卫生组织五维健康量表（WHO-5）和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D 抑郁量表）代表情绪功能领域。
这些评估工具被跨文化改编为中文。ODI、WHO-5 和 CES-D 的中文版本的开发涉及心理测量学评估。此外，我们还使用了之前验证过的中文 SF-36 来评估我们设定的评估工具的有效性。
华西医院的西式疼痛诊所和针灸诊所（四川省成都市）。
86 名患有非特异性背痛的患者。
我们发现疼痛诊所和针灸诊所的患者之间没有显著差异。对于 ODI、CES-D 和 WHO-5，我们评估了可靠性、有效性、天花板和地板效应的心理测量学特性。我们发现这些特性良好到优秀。
在附录中（可在线查阅，本文补充材料），我们提供了华西医院的中文背痛治疗评估工具集。
