Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Sep 15;181(1-3):324-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.014. Epub 2010 May 11.
The purpose of this paper is to present a model-based approach to the analysis of the robustness of industrial emergency plans, established by the European Union SEVESO II Directive. Robustness is defined in terms of the capacity of the mechanism to respond to deteriorated conditions. Analysis of emergency plans has been so far based mainly upon lessons learned from past major accidents or exercises, which do not allow for an integral analysis of the response mechanism. The proposed methodology is based upon a systemic, hierarchical and generic model of an internal or external industrial emergency plan, using the FIS modeling approach. The process generally found within an industrial emergency plan is identified through the model. Potential failures are estimated through an a priori analysis of the plan model and an a posteriori analysis of lessons learned from exercises and past accidents. Assessment of the plan's functions is carried out via assessment checklists, structured via the systemic model for each of the plan's process. This approach can hence be used as a toolbox both for the assessment of existing plans and the development of industrial emergency plans.
本文旨在提出一种基于模型的方法，用于分析欧盟 SEVESO II 指令制定的工业应急预案的稳健性。稳健性是指该机制应对恶化条件的能力。到目前为止，应急预案的分析主要基于从过去的重大事故或演习中吸取的经验教训，这些经验教训不允许对响应机制进行整体分析。所提出的方法基于内部或外部工业应急预案的系统、分层和通用模型，使用 FIS 建模方法。通过模型确定了工业应急预案中通常找到的过程。通过对计划模型进行事前分析和对演习和过去事故中吸取的经验进行事后分析，估计潜在的故障。通过使用针对计划过程中的每个系统模型构建的评估检查表来评估计划的功能。因此，该方法既可以用作评估现有计划的工具，也可以用作开发工业应急预案的工具。
