Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1582, USA.
J Physiol. 2010 Aug 1;588(Pt 15):2961-72. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.189886. Epub 2010 Jun 14.
Sprint interval training (SIT) and traditional endurance training elicit similar physiological adaptations. From the perspective of metabolic function, superior glucose regulation is a common characteristic of endurance-trained adults. Accordingly, we have investigated the hypothesis that short-term SIT will increase insulin sensitivity in sedentary/recreationally active humans. Thirty one healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) SIT (n = 12): six sessions of repeated (4-7) 30 s bouts of very high-intensity cycle ergometer exercise over 14 days; (2) sedentary control (n = 10); (3) single-bout SIT (n = 9): one session of 4 x 30 s cycle ergometer sprints. Insulin sensitivity was determined (hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp) prior to and 72 h following each intervention. Compared with baseline, and sedentary and single-bout controls, SIT increased insulin sensitivity (glucose infusion rate: 6.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.8 mg kg(1) min(1); mean +/- s.e.m.; P = 0.04). In a separate study, we investigated the effect of SIT on the thermogenic response to beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation, an important determinant of energy balance. Compared with baseline, and sedentary and single-bout control groups, SIT did not affect resting energy expenditure (EE: ventilated hood technique; 6274 +/- 226 vs. 6079 +/- 297 kJ day(1); P = 0.51) or the thermogenic response to isoproterenol (6, 12 and 24 ng (kg fat-free mass)(1) min(1): %EE 11 +/- 2, 14 +/- 3, 23 +/- 2 vs. 11 +/- 1, 16 +/- 2, 25 +/- 3; P = 0.79). Combined data from both studies revealed no effect of SIT on fasted circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, adiponectin, pigment epithelial-derived factor, non-esterified fatty acids or noradrenaline (all P > 0.05). Sixteen minutes of high-intensity exercise over 14 days augments insulin sensitivity but does not affect the thermogenic response to beta-AR stimulation.
冲刺间歇训练（SIT）和传统耐力训练产生相似的生理适应。从代谢功能的角度来看，卓越的葡萄糖调节是耐力训练成年人的共同特征。因此，我们假设短期 SIT 将增加久坐/休闲活动人群的胰岛素敏感性。31 名健康成年人被随机分配到以下三种条件之一：（1）SIT（n=12）：14 天内重复进行 6 次 4-7 次 30 秒的高强度自行车测力计运动；（2）久坐对照组（n=10）；（3）单次 SIT（n=9）：一次 4 x 30 秒自行车测力计冲刺。在每次干预前后，通过高胰岛素正葡萄糖钳夹确定胰岛素敏感性。与基线相比，SIT 增加了胰岛素敏感性（葡萄糖输注率：6.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.8 mg kg(1) min(1)；平均值 +/- s.e.m.；P = 0.04）。在另一项研究中，我们研究了 SIT 对β-肾上腺素能受体（β-AR）刺激的产热反应的影响，这是能量平衡的一个重要决定因素。与基线相比，SIT 没有影响静息能量消耗（通过通风罩技术测量；6274 +/- 226 与 6079 +/- 297 kJ day(1)；P = 0.51）或异丙肾上腺素的产热反应（6、12 和 24 ng（kg 去脂体重）(1) min(1)：%EE 11 +/- 2、14 +/- 3、23 +/- 2 与 11 +/- 1、16 +/- 2、25 +/- 3；P = 0.79）。这两项研究的数据合并后，SIT 对空腹循环葡萄糖、胰岛素、脂联素、色素上皮衍生因子、非酯化脂肪酸或去甲肾上腺素的浓度没有影响（所有 P > 0.05）。14 天内进行 16 分钟的高强度运动可提高胰岛素敏感性，但不影响β-AR 刺激的产热反应。
