Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29424, USA.
J Am Coll Health. 2010;59(1):29-36. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2010.483702.
This study examined bicycle helmet attitudes and practices of college undergraduates and developed the Bicycle Helmet Attitudes Scale, which was guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM; Rosenstock, 1974, in Becker MH, ed. The Health Belief Model and Personal Health Behavior. Thorofare, NJ: Charles B. Slack; 1974:328-335) to predict reported helmet use.
Students (N = 337) from a mid-sized university in the southeast completed a survey between November 2006 and November 2007.
Participants completed a comprehensive survey on attitudes and behaviors relevant to bicycle helmet use.
The resulting Bicycle Helmet Attitudes Scale contains 57 items and represents 10 reliable subscales that reflect the HBM. Only 12% of students were self-reported helmet users. Bicycle Helmet Attitudes Scale scores captured 52% of the variance associated with helmet use; each subscale differentiated wearers from nonwearers. Men reported more media influences than did women.
The utility of the HBM to predicted bicycle helmet use was supported. Implications for promoting cycling safety are discussed.
本研究考察了大学生对自行车头盔的态度和使用情况，并依据健康信念模型（HBM；Rosenstock，1974，Becker MH，ed. The Health Belief Model and Personal Health Behavior. Thorofare，NJ：Charles B. Slack；1974：328-335）开发了自行车头盔态度量表，以预测报告的头盔使用情况。
2006 年 11 月至 2007 年 11 月，来自东南部一所中型大学的学生（N=337）完成了一项调查。
参与者完成了一份关于与自行车头盔使用相关的态度和行为的综合调查。
由此产生的自行车头盔态度量表包含 57 个项目，代表 10 个可靠的子量表，反映了 HBM。只有 12%的学生是自我报告的头盔使用者。自行车头盔态度量表得分捕获了与头盔使用相关的 52%的方差；每个子量表都区分了佩戴者和非佩戴者。男性比女性报告了更多的媒体影响。
HBM 对预测自行车头盔使用的有效性得到了支持。讨论了促进自行车安全的意义。
