Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-2710, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2010 Sep;25(3):708-13. doi: 10.1037/a0019424.
Conversational speech from over 300 speakers from 17 to 68 years of age was analyzed for age-related changes in the timing and content of spoken language production. Overall, several relationships between the lexical content, timing, and fluency of speech emerged, such that more novel and lower frequency words were associated with slower speech and higher levels of disfluencies. Speaker age was associated with slower speech and more filled pauses, particularly those associated with lexical selection. Increasing age, however, was also associated with longer utterances and greater lexical diversity. On balance, these analyses present a picture of age-related changes in speech performance that largely support data obtained from controlled laboratory studies. However, particular patterns of age-related change may be moderated in conversational situations.
对来自 17 至 68 岁的 300 多位说话者的会话语音进行了分析，以研究口语产生的时间和内容随年龄的变化。总的来说，词汇内容、时间和流畅度之间存在着一些关系，例如，更新颖和更低频率的词汇与更慢的语速和更高水平的不流畅性有关。说话者的年龄与语速较慢和更多填充停顿有关，特别是与词汇选择有关的停顿。然而，随着年龄的增长，说话者的话语也会变长，词汇多样性也会增加。总的来说，这些分析描绘了与年龄相关的言语表现变化的图景，这些变化在很大程度上支持了从受控实验室研究中获得的数据。然而，与年龄相关的变化模式可能会在会话情境中受到调节。
