Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Scand J Immunol. 2010 Sep;72(3):173-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02432.x.
Many autoimmune diseases are driven by self-reactive T helper cells. Until recently, organ-specific autoimmune diseases were primarily associated with Th1 cells but not Th2 cells. However, the discovery of a number of new effector T-cell subsets, like Th17 and Th9 cells, and regulatory T cells, like Tregs and Tr1 cells, has changed the way we view and understand autoimmunity at cellular and molecular levels. In recent years, IL-17-producing Th17 cells have emerged as major players in autoimmunity. The complicated relationship between Th1 and Th17 cells, as well as the intricate balance between Tregs and Th17 cells, provides a basis for understanding the immunological mechanisms that induce and regulate autoimmunity. Here, we give an overview of the interplay between different effector T-cell subsets and regulatory T-cell subsets, and how they contribute to the development of autoimmunity and tissue inflammation.
许多自身免疫性疾病是由自身反应性 T 辅助细胞驱动的。直到最近，器官特异性自身免疫性疾病主要与 Th1 细胞而不是 Th2 细胞有关。然而，一些新的效应 T 细胞亚群的发现，如 Th17 和 Th9 细胞，以及调节性 T 细胞，如 Tregs 和 Tr1 细胞，改变了我们在细胞和分子水平上看待和理解自身免疫的方式。近年来，产生 IL-17 的 Th17 细胞已成为自身免疫的主要参与者。Th1 和 Th17 细胞之间复杂的关系，以及 Tregs 和 Th17 细胞之间复杂的平衡，为理解诱导和调节自身免疫的免疫机制提供了基础。在这里，我们概述了不同效应 T 细胞亚群和调节性 T 细胞亚群之间的相互作用，以及它们如何导致自身免疫和组织炎症的发展。
