Sleep Laboratory, (ULB 222 Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium.
Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Jan;25(1):16-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2010.08.001. Epub 2010 Aug 8.
Understanding the interactions between sleep and the immune system may offer insight into why short sleep duration has been linked to negative health outcomes. We, therefore, investigated the effects of napping and extended recovery sleep after sleep restriction on the immune and inflammatory systems and sleepiness. After a baseline night, healthy young men slept for a 2-h night followed by either a standard 8-h recovery night (n=12), a 30-min nap (at 1 p.m.) in addition to an 8-h recovery night (n=10), or a 10-h extended recovery night (n=9). A control group slept 3 consecutive 8-h nights (n=9). Subjects underwent continuous electroencephalogram polysomnography and blood was sampled every day at 7 a.m. Leukocytes, inflammatory and atherogenesis biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-8, myeloperoxidase, fibrinogen and apolipoproteins ApoB/ApoA), sleep patterns and sleepiness were investigated. All parameters remained unchanged in the control group. After sleep restriction, leukocyte and - among leukocyte subsets - neutrophil counts were increased, an effect that persisted after the 8-h recovery sleep, but, in subjects who had a nap or a 10-h recovery sleep, these values returned nearly to baseline. Inflammatory and atherogenesis biomarkers were unchanged except for higher myeloperoxidase levels after sleep restriction. The increased sleepiness after sleep restriction was reversed better in the nap and extended sleep recovery conditions. Saliva cortisol decreased immediately after the nap. Our results indicate that additional recovery sleep after sleep restriction provided by a midday nap prior to recovery sleep or a sleep extended night can improve alertness and return leukocyte counts to baseline values.
了解睡眠和免疫系统之间的相互作用可能有助于解释为什么睡眠时间短与负面健康结果有关。因此，我们研究了小睡和睡眠限制后延长恢复性睡眠时间对免疫和炎症系统以及嗜睡的影响。在基线夜间之后，健康的年轻男性睡眠 2 小时，然后要么是标准的 8 小时恢复性夜间（n=12），要么是在 1 点增加 30 分钟小睡（n=10），要么是延长 10 小时恢复性夜间（n=9）。对照组连续睡 3 个 8 小时的夜晚（n=9）。研究对象接受了连续的脑电图多导睡眠图监测，每天早上 7 点采集血液样本。白细胞、炎症和动脉粥样硬化生物标志物（高敏 C 反应蛋白、白细胞介素-8、髓过氧化物酶、纤维蛋白原和载脂蛋白 ApoB/ApoA）、睡眠模式和嗜睡情况进行了研究。对照组的所有参数均保持不变。睡眠限制后，白细胞和白细胞亚群中的中性粒细胞计数增加，这种效应在 8 小时恢复性睡眠后仍持续存在，但在小睡或 10 小时恢复性睡眠的受试者中，这些数值几乎恢复到基线。除了睡眠限制后髓过氧化物酶水平升高外，炎症和动脉粥样硬化生物标志物没有变化。在小睡和延长睡眠恢复条件下，睡眠限制后嗜睡增加的情况得到了更好的改善。小睡后唾液皮质醇立即下降。我们的研究结果表明，在恢复性睡眠前进行午间小睡或延长夜间睡眠时间来增加额外的恢复性睡眠，可以提高警觉性并使白细胞计数恢复到基线水平。
