New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Curr Opin Hematol. 2010 Nov;17(6):544-9. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e32833e5ac7.
In the United States, blood donation rates of African-Americans are 25-50% of that of white individuals. As African-Americans make up an ever increasing and now substantial minority, and African-American recipients of blood transfusion, both specialized, such as sickle cell disease patients, and general hospitalized patients, have a better chance of receiving phenotype-matched or appropriate red blood cell units when there is a significant percentage of products in the inventory from African-American donors, it is important to understand the reason for the observed difference.
Possible reasons for this discrepancy in donation rates include increased rates of donor deferral and ineligibility; increased barriers to donation, such as fear and distrust; and different marketing and education strategies. Thus, to increase the blood availability to African-American recipients, the reasons for these donation rate differences must be better understood and subsequently addressed through improved blood donor recruitment programs. The majority of African-American donor recruitment programs have focused on donating for sickle cell disease patients, particularly children, which have been of limited success.
Significant improvements in African-American donor recruitment are needed to adequately meet the demand of African-American patients as well as the entire population.
在美国，非裔美国人的献血率是白人的 25-50%。由于非裔美国人的比例不断增加，现在已经成为一个相当大的少数群体，而接受输血的非裔美国人，无论是患有镰状细胞病等特殊疾病的患者，还是一般住院患者，当库存中来自非裔美国献血者的产品比例较大时，他们更有可能获得表型匹配或合适的红细胞单位，因此了解观察到的差异的原因非常重要。
导致这种献血率差异的可能原因包括献血者被拒绝和不合格的比例增加；献血的障碍增加，如恐惧和不信任；以及不同的营销和教育策略。因此，为了增加非裔美国人受血者的血液供应，必须更好地了解这些献血率差异的原因，并通过改进献血者招募计划来解决这些问题。大多数非裔美国人的献血者招募计划都集中在为镰状细胞病患者，尤其是儿童献血上，但收效甚微。
需要显著改善非裔美国人的献血者招募工作，以充分满足非裔美国患者以及整个人群的需求。
