最佳互动的心灵。
Optimally interacting minds.
机构信息
University College London Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK.
出版信息
Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1081-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1185718.
In everyday life, many people believe that two heads are better than one. Our ability to solve problems together appears to be fundamental to the current dominance and future survival of the human species. But are two heads really better than one? We addressed this question in the context of a collective low-level perceptual decision-making task. For two observers of nearly equal visual sensitivity, two heads were definitely better than one, provided they were given the opportunity to communicate freely, even in the absence of any feedback about decision outcomes. But for observers with very different visual sensitivities, two heads were actually worse than the better one. These seemingly discrepant patterns of group behavior can be explained by a model in which two heads are Bayes optimal under the assumption that individuals accurately communicate their level of confidence on every trial.
在日常生活中，许多人认为两个人的智慧胜过一个人。我们一起解决问题的能力似乎是人类目前主导地位和未来生存的基础。但是两个人真的比一个人好吗？我们在一个集体的低水平感知决策任务的背景下解决了这个问题。对于两个视觉敏感度几乎相等的观察者来说，如果他们有机会自由交流，即使没有关于决策结果的任何反馈，两个人的表现肯定会比一个人好。但是对于视觉敏感度差异很大的观察者来说，两个人的表现实际上比一个人差。这些看似矛盾的群体行为模式可以用一个模型来解释，该模型假设个体在每次试验中都能准确地传达他们的置信度，在这种假设下，两个人比一个人更优。
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