公共卫生专业人员作为政策企业家：阿肯色州儿童肥胖政策经验。
Public health professionals as policy entrepreneurs: Arkansas's childhood obesity policy experience.
机构信息
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2010 Nov;100(11):2047-52. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.183939. Epub 2010 Sep 23.
Abstract
In response to a nationwide rise in obesity, several states have passed legislation to improve school health environments. Among these was Arkansas's Act 1220 of 2003, the most comprehensive school-based childhood obesity legislation at that time. We used the Multiple Streams Framework to analyze factors that brought childhood obesity to the forefront of the Arkansas legislative agenda and resulted in the passage of Act 1220. When 3 streams (problem, policy, and political) are combined, a policy window is opened and policy entrepreneurs may advance their goals. We documented factors that produced a policy window and allowed entrepreneurs to enact comprehensive legislation. This historical analysis and the Multiple Streams Framework may serve as a roadmap for leaders seeking to influence health policy.
摘要
针对全国范围内肥胖率上升的问题，有几个州已经通过立法来改善学校的健康环境。阿肯色州 2003 年通过的第 1220 号法案就是其中之一，这是当时最全面的针对儿童肥胖问题的州立立法。我们使用多源流框架分析了将儿童肥胖问题提上阿肯色州立法议程的主要因素，并最终促成了第 1220 号法案的通过。当三个源流（问题、政策和政治）结合在一起时，政策窗口就会打开，政策企业家就可以推进他们的目标。我们记录了产生政策窗口的因素，并允许企业家制定全面的立法。这项历史分析和多源流框架可以为寻求影响健康政策的领导人提供指导。
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